{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T12:18:50Z","timestamp":1788265130852,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":200,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,14]],"date-time":"2021-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Arterial hypertension is a risk factor for several pathologies, mainly including cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, which rank as leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Arterial hypertension also constitutes a fundamental component of the metabolic syndrome. Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common types of chronic infection globally and displays a plethora of both gastric and extragastric effects. Among other entities, Helicobacter pylori has been implicated in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. Within this review, we illustrate the current state-of-the-art evidence, which may link several components of the Helicobacter pylori-related metabolic syndrome, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and arterial hypertension. In particular, current knowledge of how Helicobacter pylori exerts its virulence through dietary, inflammatory and metabolic pathways will be discussed. Although there is still no causative link between these entities, the emerging evidence from both basic and clinical research supports the proposal that several components of the Helicobacter pylori infection-related metabolic syndrome present an important risk factor in the development of arterial hypertension. The triad of Helicobacter pylori infection, the metabolic syndrome, and hypertension represents a crucial worldwide health problem on a pandemic scale with high morbidity and mortality, like COVID-19, thereby requiring awareness and appropriate management on a global scale.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9112351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,14]],"date-time":"2021-11-14T20:51:53Z","timestamp":1636923113000},"page":"2351","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Impact of Helicobacter pylori-Related Metabolic Syndrome Parameters on Arterial Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jannis","family":"Kountouras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3563-4973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Apostolis","family":"Papaefthymiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larisa, 41110 Larisa, Greece"},{"name":"First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9232-4042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stergios A.","family":"Polyzos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Deretzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Department of Neurology, Papageorgiou General Hospital, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Vardaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elpidoforos S.","family":"Soteriades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthcare Management Program, School of Economics and Management, Open University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2252, Cyprus"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology (EOME), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6051-0860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"School of Healthcare Sciences, Midwifery Department, University of West Macedonia, Koila, 50100 Kozani, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9677-4013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paraskevas","family":"Gkolfakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatopancreatology and Digestive Oncology, Erasme University Hospital, 1070 Brussels, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, 1000 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyriaki","family":"Karafyllidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Children\u2019s Hospital of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0396-5081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Doulberis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Medical Clinic, School of Medicine, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University Department, Kantonsspital Aarau, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gupta, R., Alcantara, R., Popli, T., Tariq, U., Sood, A., Mahajan, S., Ayele, H., Rajeswaran, Y., and Vyas, A.V. 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