{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T01:16:41Z","timestamp":1784855801234,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":113,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ANID (Agencia Nacional de Investigacio\u0301n y Desarrollo de Chile)","award":["ANID-FONDECYT Regular 1210633"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANID-FONDECYT Regular 1210633"]}]},{"name":"ANID","award":["ECOS-ANID 170023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ECOS-ANID 170023"]}]},{"name":"ANID","award":["ANID 2021 Post-Doctoral FONDECYT 3210156"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANID 2021 Post-Doctoral FONDECYT 3210156"]}]},{"name":"ANID","award":["FONDECYT N\u00b0 1191019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FONDECYT N\u00b0 1191019"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013908","name":"UNAB","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UNAB Regular Grants DI-15-19\/RG"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UNAB Regular Grants DI-15-19\/RG"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013908","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Microorganisms"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Salmonella comprises over 2500 serotypes and foodborne contamination associated with this pathogen remains an important health concern worldwide. During the last decade, a shift in serotype prevalence has occurred as traditionally less prevalent serotypes are increasing in frequency of infections, especially those related to poultry meat contamination. S. Infantis is one of the major emerging serotypes, and these strains commonly display antimicrobial resistance and can persist despite cleaning protocols. Thus, this work aimed to isolate S. Infantis strains from a poultry meat farm in Santiago, Chile and to characterize genetic variations present in them. We determined their genomic and phenotypic profiles at different points along the production line. The results indicate that the strains encompass 853 polymorphic sites (core-SNPs) with isolates differing from one another by 0\u2013347 core SNPs, suggesting variation among them; however, we found discrete correlations with the source of the sample in the production line. Furthermore, the pan-genome was composed of 4854 total gene clusters of which 2618 (53.9%) corresponds to the core-genome and only 181 (3.7%) are unique genes (those present in one particular strain). This preliminary analysis will enrich the surveillance of Salmonella, yet further studies are required to assess their evolution and phylogeny.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9112370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T09:16:11Z","timestamp":1637140571000},"page":"2370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Genetic Characterization of Salmonella Infantis with Multiple Drug Resistance Profiles Isolated from a Poultry-Farm in Chile"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Coral","family":"Pardo-Est\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Lorca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Castro-Severyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda Aplicada y Extrem\u00f3filos, Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8681-8636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Kr\u00fcger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6347-1342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis","family":"Alvarez-Thon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ingenier\u00eda y Arquitectura, Universidad Central de Chile, Santa Isabel 1186, Santiago 8330601, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phillippi","family":"Zepeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoelvis","family":"Sulbaran-Bracho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7788-3185","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Hidalgo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Qu\u00edmica y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370071, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4573-6460","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Tello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Metagenomica Bacteriana, Centro de Biotecnolog\u00eda Acuicola, Universidad de Santiago, Alameda, Estaci\u00f3n Central, Santiago 9170002, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franck","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sys2Diag, UMR9005 CNRS ALCEDIAG, 34184 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sys2Diag, UMR9005 CNRS ALCEDIAG, 34184 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Remonsellez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda Aplicada y Extrem\u00f3filos, Departamento de Ingenier\u00eda Qu\u00edmica, Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Tecnol\u00f3gica del Agua en el Desierto (CEITSAZA), Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Norte, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Castro-Nallar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile"},{"name":"CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o em Biodiversidade e Recursos Gen\u00e9ticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agr\u00e1rio de Vair\u00e3o, 4485-661 Vair\u00e3o, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4248-8556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Saavedra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2017.03.009","article-title":"Salmonella Typhimurium Diarrhea Reveals Basic Principles of Enteropathogen Infection and Disease-Promoted DNA Exchange","volume":"21","author":"Wotzka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell Host 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