{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T03:04:20Z","timestamp":1760151860235,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":85,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]],"date-time":"2022-10-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1666569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"DPMGI SB RAS","award":["FUEM-2019-0001","20-17-00169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FUEM-2019-0001","20-17-00169"]}]},{"name":"Russian Science Foundation","award":["FUEM-2019-0001","20-17-00169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FUEM-2019-0001","20-17-00169"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Minerals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The article presents the results of studying the aegirine\u2013arfvedsonite granites of the Somnitelnyi massif within the Tommot ore field located in the Verkhoyansk\u2013Kolyma orogenic belt (NE Asia). Along with the crustal signatures, the rocks display features of mantle contamination at their origin. Their affinity for A-type granites characteristic of continental rifts and hot spots is shown. The associated Tommot REE deposit is the only one discovered in NE Russia. New data are presented for the previously studied Tommot massif within the same ore field, with a wide compositional range from alkaline-ultrabasic rocks to alkaline syenites. It is established that despite a common geochemical enrichment of both massifs\u2019 rocks with REEs, the Somnitelnyi massif granites cannot be interpreted as the final phase of the Tommot massif emplacement. Specific REE mineralization and high crystallization temperatures (up to 1045 \u00b0C) of the Somnitelnyi granites may be explained by the existence within the study area of an undepleted mantle source (\u201chot spot\u201d), whose maximum activity occurred during the granitic melt generation. The ore bodies of the Tommot deposit consist of fenitized albitites, granite gneisses, and, more rarely, the cross-cutting pegmatite veins. They are confined mostly to exocontacts of the Somnitelnyi massif, are less often in its endocontacts, and are not found in the host rocks and in the inner part of the massif away from the contacts. Principal ore minerals are chevkinite, yttrialite, gadolinite, and fergusonite. Based on the data obtained, the deposit is classified as a metasomatic complex Ce\u2013Y\u2013Nb\u2013Zr deposit associated with the alkaline granites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/min12111347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]],"date-time":"2022-10-24T11:53:55Z","timestamp":1666612435000},"page":"1347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Petrology of Granites of the Tommot Rare-Earth Ore Field (Verkhoyansk\u2013Kolyma Orogenic Belt)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0911-2386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera A.","family":"Trunilina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diamond and Precious Metal Geology Institute, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lenin Av. 39, Yakutsk 677980, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0985-9535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei V.","family":"Prokopiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diamond and Precious Metal Geology Institute, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Lenin Av. 39, Yakutsk 677980, Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Balashov, Y.A. (1976). Geochemistry of Rare Earth Elements, Nauka. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Semenov, E.I. (2001). Ore and Mineralization of Rare Earths, Thorium and Uranium (Lanthanides and Actinoids), Geos. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lipin, B.R., and Mc Kay, G.A. (1989). Economic geology of Rare Earth Minerals. Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Rare Earth Elements, Mineralogical Society of America.","DOI":"10.1515\/9781501509032"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Long, K.R., Van Gosen, B.S., Foley, N.K., and Cordier, D. (2010). The Principal Rare Earth Elements Deposits of the United States\u2014A Summary of Domestic Deposits and A Global Perspective, U.S. Geological Survey. Scientific Investigations Report 2010\u20135220.","DOI":"10.3133\/sir20105220"},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"Eremin, N.V. (2020). Strategic, Scarce and Critical Mineral Raw Materials (Rare Earth Elements), MSU Geofak. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_6","unstructured":"Mikhailov, V.A. (2010). Rare Earth Ores of the World: Geology, Resources, Economics, Kiev University. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_7","first-page":"4501","article-title":"Late Cretaceous Granites of the Selennyakh Ridge (Verkhoyansk-Kolyma Orogenic Area)","volume":"63","author":"Trunilina","year":"2020","journal-title":"Solid State Technol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"N\u00e9d\u00e9lec, A., and Bouchez, J.L. (2015). Granites: Petrology, Structure, Geological Setting, and Metallogeny, University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780198705611.001.0001"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oregeorev.2018.11.012","article-title":"Rare-metal granites as a potential source of critical metals: A geometallurgical case study","volume":"104","author":"Dehaine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ore Geol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oregeorev.2013.09.003","article-title":"Tantalum\u2013(niobium\u2013tin) mineralisation in African pegmatites and rare metal granites: Constraints from Ta\u2013Nb oxide mineralogy, geochemistry and U\u2013Pb geochronology","volume":"64","author":"Melcher","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ore Geol. Rev."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.5800\/GT-2017-8-3-0266","article-title":"Petrogenesis and rare metal mineralization of the alkaline granitic magma: A case study from the Boziguo\u2019er rare metal granitic intrusion","volume":"8","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Geodyn. Tectonophys."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1134\/S1075701507060025","article-title":"Two types of magma sources of rare-metal alkali granites","volume":"49","author":"Kovalenko","year":"2020","journal-title":"Geol. Ore Deposits"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"241","article-title":"Interaction crust\u2013mantle and genesis of granites on the matter of coastal part of the south-eastern part of China","volume":"5","author":"Xu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Geol. I. China Univ."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103808","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jafrearsci.2020.103808","article-title":"Composition and origin of Ti\u2013Nb\u2013Ta\u2013Zr bearing minerals in the Abu Diab highly evolved granite from the Central Eastern Desert of Egypt","volume":"165","author":"Sami","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Afr. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00374895","article-title":"Nature and origin of A-type granites with particular reference to Southeastern Australia","volume":"80","author":"Collins","year":"1982","journal-title":"Contrib. Mineral. Petrol."},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"901","article-title":"Petrology of the Early Mesozoic rare-metal granites of the southern Altai Mountains","volume":"7","author":"Vladimirov","year":"1998","journal-title":"Geol. Geophys."},{"key":"ref_17","unstructured":"Bonin, B. (1996). A-type granite ring complexes: Mantle origin through crustal filters and the anorthosite-rapakivi magmatism connection. Petrol. Geochem. Mag. Suites Rocks Contin. Ocean. Crusts, 201\u2013217."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/s00531-020-01937-2","article-title":"Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of the Maladob ring complex in the South Eastern Desert, Egypt: New insights from mineral chemistry and whole-rock geochemistry","volume":"110","author":"Azer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. J. Earth Sci."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Universal Stage: The Past, Present, and Future of a Mineralogical Research Instrument","volume":"140","author":"Kile","year":"2009","journal-title":"Geochem. News"},{"key":"ref_20","unstructured":"Saranchina, G.M., and Kozhevnikova, V.N. (1985). Fedorov\u2019s Method: Determination of Minerals, Microstructural Analysis, Nedra. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/egl013","article-title":"Interpretation of whole-rock geochemical data in igneous geochemistry: Introducing Geochemical Data Toolkit (GCDkit)","volume":"47","author":"Farrow","year":"2006","journal-title":"Petrology"},{"key":"ref_22","first-page":"48","article-title":"Petroexplorer\u2013a system for creating geochemical information and analytical arrays in the process of case studies","volume":"4","author":"Korinevsky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Geoinformatika"},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"Parfenov, L.M., and Kuzmin, M.I. (2001). Tectonics, Geodynamics and Metallogeny of the Territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), MAIK \u201cNauka\/Interperiodika\u201d. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nokleberg, W.J. (2010). Metallogenesis and Tectonics of Northeast Asia, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1765.","DOI":"10.3133\/pp1765"},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"621","article-title":"First 40Ar\/39Ar age determinations of magmatic and metamorphic rocks of the Verkhoyansk-Kolyma Mesozoides","volume":"329","author":"Layer","year":"1993","journal-title":"Doklady RAN"},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"1131","article-title":"The first definitions of the absolute age of metamorphic rocks of the Kolyma massif","volume":"197","author":"Gorbov","year":"1971","journal-title":"Doklady AN SSSR"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.5194\/smsps-4-97-2009","article-title":"The Tommot Massif: A middle Paleozoic rift-related alkaline gabbro and syenite complex, Yakutia, northeast Russia","volume":"4","author":"Trunilina","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stephan Mueller Sp\u00e9c. Publ. Ser."},{"key":"ref_28","unstructured":"Solodov, N.A. (1989). Predictive Prospecting Complexes for the Main Geological and Industrial Types of Rare Metals Deposit, IMGRE. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Kalinin, M.A., Molchanov, A.V., Terekhov, A.V., Mikhailov, V.A., and Afanasyeva, E.V. (2021). Platinum bearing of the Tommot massiv (north-eastern Yakutia). Collection of Abstracts Mineral Resource Base of Diamonds, Precious and Non-Ferrous Metals\u2013from Forecast to Production, IMGRE. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Le Maitre, R.W. (2002). Igneous Rocks. A Classification and Glossary of Terms, University Press.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511535581"},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"Sobolev, V.S. (1977). Clinopyroxene. Minerals of Differentiated Traps, Nauka. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.2138\/rmg.2008.69.3","article-title":"Thermometers and barometers vor volcanic systems","volume":"69","author":"Putirka","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rev. Mineral. Geochem."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.2138\/am.2013.4292","article-title":"Win Pyroxene: A Windows program for pyroxene calculation classification and thermobarometry","volume":"98","author":"Yavuz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Amer. Miner."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1007\/s00410-011-0704-6","article-title":"Calcic amphiboles in calc-alkaline and alkaline magmas: Thermobarometric and chemometric empirical equations valid up to 1130 oC and 2,2 Gpa","volume":"163","author":"Rudolfi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Contrib. Miner. Petrol."},{"key":"ref_35","unstructured":"Yavuz, F. (1999). A Program to Classify Microprobe and Wet Chemical Amphibole Analyses according to the IMA (1997) Nomenclature Scheme, AGU."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-3928.2006.00004.x","article-title":"Relationship between solidification depth of granitic rocks and formation of hydrothermal ore deposits","volume":"57","author":"Uchida","year":"2007","journal-title":"Resour. Geol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.2138\/am.2005.1498","article-title":"The Ti-saturation surface for low- to-medium pressure metapelitic biotites: Implication for geothermometry and Ti-substitution mechanismus","volume":"90","author":"Henry","year":"2005","journal-title":"Amer. Miner."},{"key":"ref_38","unstructured":"Troshin, Y.P., Grebenschikova, V.I., and Antonov, A.Y. (1981). Volatile components in biotites and metallogenic specialization of intrusions. Mineralogical Criteria for Ore Content Assessment, Nauka. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1127\/ejm\/2\/5\/0595","article-title":"Estimation of lithium contents in trioctahedral micas using microprobe data: Application to micas from granitic rocks","volume":"2","author":"Tindle","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur. J. Miner."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.2138\/am.2005.1449","article-title":"Igneous thermometers and barometers based on plagioclase + liquid equilibria: Tests of some existing models and new calibrations","volume":"90","author":"Putirka","year":"2005","journal-title":"Amer. Miner."},{"key":"ref_41","unstructured":"Bushlyakov, I.N., and Kholodnov, V.V. (1986). Halogens in Petrogenesis of Granitoids, Nedra. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"54","article-title":"Typification of granitoids, based on biotite composition","volume":"4","author":"Gusev","year":"2009","journal-title":"Achiev. Mod. Nat. Sci."},{"key":"ref_43","first-page":"235","article-title":"Ore fluids: Magmatic to supergene","volume":"Volume 17","author":"Brimhall","year":"1987","journal-title":"Termodynamic Modeling of Geological Materials. Minerals, Fluids and Melts"},{"key":"ref_44","unstructured":"Krasnobaev, A.A. (1986). Zircon as an Indicator of Geological Processes, Nauka. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.2113\/0530469","article-title":"Atlas of Zircon Textures","volume":"53","author":"Corfu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rev. Mineral. Geochem."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2541(01)00355-2","article-title":"Zircon trace element geochemistry: Partitioning with garnet and the link between U-Pb ages and metamorphism","volume":"184","author":"Rubatto","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chem. Geol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1180\/minmag.1981.44.333.02","article-title":"Calculation on the temperature of crystallization of silicates from basaltic melts","volume":"44","author":"French","year":"1981","journal-title":"Mineral. Mag."},{"key":"ref_48","unstructured":"Kulikova, V.V., and Kulikov, V.S. (2001). Petrochemical Classification of Magmatic Rocks, Kola Scientific Center. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_49","first-page":"57","article-title":"Composition-depth ratio for volcanoes of the Kuril island arc and its petrological significance","volume":"4","author":"Piskunov","year":"1979","journal-title":"Volcanol. Seismol."},{"key":"ref_50","first-page":"40","article-title":"TAS-diagram sum of alkalis-silica for chemical classification and diagnostics of plutonic rocks","volume":"56","author":"Sharpenok","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reg. Geol. Metallog."},{"key":"ref_51","unstructured":"Borodin, L.S. (1987). Petrochemistry of Magmatic Series, Nauka. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_52","first-page":"3","article-title":"Model system of petrochemical and metallogenic trends of granitoids as a basis for the prognosis of Sn, Li, Ta, Nb, W, Mo, and Cu deposits","volume":"46","author":"Borodin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Geol. Ore Depos."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.2475\/ajs.258.9.664","article-title":"Chemistry of igneous rocks, differentiation index","volume":"258","author":"Thornton","year":"1960","journal-title":"Am. J. Sci."},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"5","article-title":"Source composition and melting temperatures of orogenic granitoids\u2013constrains from CaO\/Na2O, Al2O3\/TiO2 and accessory mineral saturation thermometry","volume":"1","author":"Jung","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Miner."},{"key":"ref_55","unstructured":"Belyaev, G.M., and Rudnik, V.A. (1978). Formational-Genetic Types of Granitoids, Nedra. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_56","first-page":"169","article-title":"A chemical approximation to the modal QAPF classification of igneous rocks","volume":"136","author":"Strekeisen","year":"1979","journal-title":"Neues Yahrb. Miner."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1130\/0016-7606(1989)101<0635:TDOG>2.3.CO;2","article-title":"Tectonic discrimination of granitoids","volume":"101","author":"Maniar","year":"1989","journal-title":"Geol. Soc. Am. Bul."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/42.11.2033","article-title":"A geochemical classification for granitic rocks","volume":"42","author":"Frost","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Petrol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/0040-1951(90)90324-2","article-title":"Opening of the Kuril Basin deduced from the magmatic history of Central Hokkaido, northern Japan","volume":"174","author":"Maeda","year":"1990","journal-title":"Tectonophysics"},{"key":"ref_60","unstructured":"Yushkin, N.P. (2000). Petrogeochemical typification of granitoids of the south-western framing of the Siberian platform. Materials the Second All-Russian Petrographic Meeting, Syktyvkar, Russia, 27\u201330 June 2000, Komi Scientific Center. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"956","DOI":"10.1093\/petrology\/25.4.956","article-title":"Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of the granitic rocks","volume":"25","author":"Pearce","year":"1984","journal-title":"J. Petrol."},{"key":"ref_62","unstructured":"Trunilina, V.A., Roev, S.P., Orlov, Y.S., and Oxman, V.S. (1999). Magmatism of Various Geodynamic Environments (Zone of Junction of the Verkhoyansk Margin of the Siberian Continent and the Kolyma-Omolon Microcontinent), Yakut Scientific Center. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_63","unstructured":"Ovchinnikov, L.N. (1990). Applied Geochemistry, Nedra. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_64","unstructured":"Tauson, L.V. (1977). Geochemical Types and Ore Potential of Granotoids, Nauka. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_65","first-page":"2","article-title":"Latite type of late collisional granitoids (North Caucasus): Geochemical and mineralogical features","volume":"393","author":"Sazonova","year":"2003","journal-title":"RAS Rep."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1038\/385219a0","article-title":"Mantle geochemistry: The message from oceanic volcanism","volume":"385","author":"Hofmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-821X(82)90120-0","article-title":"Ti\u2014V plots and the petrogenesis of modern and ophiolitic lavas","volume":"59","author":"Shervais","year":"1982","journal-title":"Earth Planet. Sci. Lett."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-3227(97)00041-8","article-title":"Geochemistry of basalts from the West Woodlark, Lau and Manus basins: Implication for their petrogenesis and source rock composition","volume":"142","author":"Drill","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mar. Geol."},{"key":"ref_69","unstructured":"Stogniy, G.A., and Stogniy, V.V. (2005). Geophysical Fields of the Eastern Part of the North Asian Craton, Yakutsk. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1130\/0091-7613(1992)020<0641:CSOTAT>2.3.CO;2","article-title":"Chemical subdivision of the A-type granitoids: Petrogenetic and tectonic implications","volume":"20","author":"Eby","year":"1992","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1093\/petroj\/38.3.371","article-title":"Characterization and Origin of aluminous A-type Granites from the Lachlan Fold Belt, Southeastern Australia","volume":"38","author":"King","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Petrol."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lithos.2015.06.008","article-title":"Mantle-Derived Sources of Syenites from the A-Type Igneous Suites\u2014New Approach to the Provenance of Alkaline Silicic Magmas","volume":"232","author":"Litvinovsky","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lithos"},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2017.09.033","article-title":"Halogen Geochemistry of IAnd A-Type Granites from Jiuhuashan Region (South China): Insights into the Elevated Fluorine in A-Type Granite","volume":"478","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chem. Geol."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rgg.2014.08.003","article-title":"A-type granites and related rocks: Problems of identification, petrogenesis, and classification","volume":"55","author":"Grebennikov","year":"2014","journal-title":"Russ. Geol. Geophys."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-2541(02)00018-9","article-title":"A-Type Granites in Northeastern China: Age and Geochemical Constraints on Their Petrogenesis","volume":"187","author":"Wu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chem. Geol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lithos.2006.03.012","article-title":"A-Type Granites of Crustal Origin Ultimately Result from Open-System Fenitization-Type Reactions in an Extensional Environment","volume":"91","author":"Martin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Lithos"},{"key":"ref_77","unstructured":"Taylor, S.R., and Mc Lennan, S.M. (1985). The Continental Crust: Its Composition and Evolution, Blackwell."},{"key":"ref_78","first-page":"1","article-title":"Composition of the Continental Crust","volume":"3","author":"Rudnick","year":"2003","journal-title":"Treatise Geochem."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemgeo.2007.05.022","article-title":"Permian Peralkaline, Peraluminous and Metaluminous A-Type Granites in the Panxi District, SW China: Their Relationship to the Emeishan Mantle Plume","volume":"243","author":"Shellnutt","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chem. Geol."},{"key":"ref_80","unstructured":"Bogatikov, O.A., and Tsvetkov, A.A. (1988). Magmatic Evolution of Island Arcs, Nauka. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lithos.2009.06.015","article-title":"Peralkaline Granitoid Magmatism in the Mongolian-Transbaikalian Belt: Evolution, Petrogenesis and Tectonic Significance","volume":"113","author":"Jahn","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lithos"},{"key":"ref_82","unstructured":"Nekrasov, I.Y. (1962). Magmatism and Ore-Bearing Capacity of Northeastern Verkhoyansk-Chukotka Folded Area, AN SSSR. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_83","unstructured":"Lesnov, F.P. (2007). Rare Earth Elements in Ultramafic and mafic rocks and Their Minerals. Book 1 The Main Types of Rocks. Rock-Forming Minerals, Geo. (In Russian)."},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pirajno, F. (2009). Hydrothermal Processes and Mineral Systems, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4020-8613-7"},{"key":"ref_85","unstructured":"Baisalova, A.O. (2018). Features of Metasomatic Processes of Rare-Metal Manifestations of the Akzhailautas Granite Massif and Adjacent Areas. [Ph.D. Thesis, Kazakh National Research Technical University]. (In Russian)."}],"container-title":["Minerals"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-163X\/12\/11\/1347\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:01:59Z","timestamp":1760144519000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-163X\/12\/11\/1347"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]]},"references-count":85,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["min12111347"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/min12111347","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-163X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2075-163X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,24]]}}}