{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T02:53:00Z","timestamp":1780455180107,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,4]],"date-time":"2023-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"International Science and Technology Center (ISTC)","award":["GE-2506"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GE-2506"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Minerals"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The recovery and immobilization of metals from wastewater often occurs in an acidic environment that destroys the structure of adsorbents such as zeolites, which are porous crystalline aluminosilicates. The influence of hydrochloric acid solutions on the structure and properties of two natural mixtures of heulandite (HEU) and chabazite (CHA)\u2014tuff from the Georgian Dzegvi-Tedzami deposit (HEU\/CHA \u2248 8) and rock from the Kazakhstani deposit Chankanay (HEU\/CHA\u22481)\u2014was studied by the X-ray energy dispersion spectra and diffraction patterns, as well as by adsorption of water, benzene, and nitrogen methods. It was found that acid-mediated dealumination, decationization, dissolution, and changes in systems of micro- and mesopores depend on the nature and chemical composition of the initial zeolites. It is concluded that, under the influence of acid, (i) zeolite micropores become accessible to relatively large molecules and ions, and the surface area of the adsorbent increases; (ii) the volume of mesopores decreases, and pores with a diameter of less than 4 nm become predominant; (iii) in terms of the degree of dealumination and dissolution rate, Kazakhstani zeolite is more acid-resistant than Georgian heulandite; and (iv) Kazakhstani zeolite retains a high ion-exchange capacity in an acidic environment, while Georgian heulandite, treated with dilute hydrochloric acid solutions, uptakes relatively high amounts of valuable silver, copper, and zinc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/min13030364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T03:22:05Z","timestamp":1678072925000},"page":"364","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Acid Resistance and Ion-Exchange Capacity of Natural Mixtures of Heulandite and Chabazite"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Vladimer","family":"Tsitsishvili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Georgian National Academy of Sciences, Tbilisi 0108, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0182-0249","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marinela","family":"Panayotova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Mining and Geology \u201cSt. Ivan Rilski\u201d, 1700 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nato","family":"Mirdzveli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petre Melikishvili Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, I. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 1086, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nagima","family":"Dzhakipbekova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Industry, Mukhtar Auezov South Kazakhstan University, Shymkent City 160012, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladko","family":"Panayotov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Sciences Unit, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nanuli","family":"Dolaberidze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petre Melikishvili Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, I. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 1086, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manana","family":"Nijaradze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Petre Melikishvili Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, I. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi 1086, Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1089\/ees.2015.0166","article-title":"Review of the natural, modified, and synthetic zeolites for heavy metals removal from wastewater","volume":"33","author":"Yuna","year":"2016","journal-title":"Environ. Eng. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4544104","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/4544104","article-title":"Zeolite Application in Wastewater Treatment","volume":"2022","author":"Peres","year":"2022","journal-title":"Adsorpt. Sci. 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