{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T08:56:24Z","timestamp":1790758584328,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,23]],"date-time":"2010-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1266883200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Medical-grade polyvinyl chloride was coated by polysaccharides through a novel physicochemical approach. An initial surface activation was performed foremost via diffuse coplanar surface barrier discharge plasma in air at ambient temperature and pressure. Then, radical graft copolymerization of acrylic acid through grafting-from pathway was directed to render a well-defined brush of high density, and finally a chitosan monolayer and chitosan\/pectin alternating multilayer were bound onto the functionalized surfaces. Surface characteristics were systematically investigated using several probe techniques. In vitro bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation assays indicated that a single chitosan layer was incapable of hindering the adhesion of a Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strain, while up to 30% reduction was achieved by the chitosan\/pectin layered assembly. On the other hand, chitosan and chitosan\/pectin multilayer could retard Escherichia coli adhesion by 50% and 20%, respectively. Furthermore, plasma treated and graft copolymerized samples were also found effective to diminish the degree of adherence of Escherichia coli.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules15021007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,23]],"date-time":"2010-02-23T11:22:12Z","timestamp":1266924132000},"page":"1007-1027","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":69,"title":["Polysaccharides Coatings on Medical-Grade PVC: A Probe into Surface Characteristics and the Extent of Bacterial Adhesion"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Asadinezhad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zl\u00edn, T.G.M Sq. 275, 762 72 Zl\u00edn, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Nov\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 cesta 9, 842 36 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5368-5029","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mari\u00e1n","family":"Lehock\u00fd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tomas Bata University in Zl\u00edn, T.G.M. Sq. 5555, 760 01 Zl\u00edn, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franti\u0161ek","family":"B\u00edlek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zl\u00edn, T.G.M Sq. 275, 762 72 Zl\u00edn, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alenka","family":"Vesel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plasma Laboratory, Department of Surface Engineering, Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ita","family":"Junkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Plasma Laboratory, Department of Surface Engineering, Jo\u017eef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"S\u00e1ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zl\u00edn, T.G.M Sq. 275, 762 72 Zl\u00edn, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Popelka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Polymer Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, D\u00fabravsk\u00e1 cesta 9, 842 36 Bratislava, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2351","DOI":"10.1021\/bm900186s","article-title":"Nonthermal plasma technology as a versatile strategy for polymeric biomaterials surface modification: A review","volume":"10","author":"Desmet","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2003.08.061","article-title":"Role of chemical interactions in bacterial adhesion to polymer surfaces","volume":"25","author":"Speranza","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(02)00515-X","article-title":"Adhesion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains to untreated and oxygen-plasma treated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) from endotracheal intubation devices","volume":"24","author":"Triandafillu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1021\/bm061150q","article-title":"The chemistry and applications of antimicrobial polymers: A state-of-the-art review","volume":"8","author":"Kenawy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biomacromolecules"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.progpolymsci.2004.05.001","article-title":"Macromolecular plasma-chemistry: An emerging field of polymer science","volume":"29","author":"Denes","year":"2004","journal-title":"Prog. 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