{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T01:39:08Z","timestamp":1790905148235,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,27]],"date-time":"2011-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1306454400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the present study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effects of crude extract of Scutellaria barbate (CE-SB) on mouse hepatoma H22 cells. The MTT assay was used to determine the growth inhibition of H22 cells in vitro. The in vivo therapeutic effects of CE-SB were determined using H22 tumor bearing mice. Besides, the body weight, tumor weight, thymus index and spleen index of H22 bearing mice were also measured. The tumor inhibitory rate (IR) was calculated according to the mean weight of tumor (MWT). The phagocytotic function of macrophages was examined by observing peritoneal macrophages phagocytize chicken RBC. The results showed that CE-SB could inhibit the growth of hepatoma H22 Cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, CE-SB could improve immune function of H22 tumor bearing mice. Together these results indicate that CE-SB has antitumor activity and seems to be safe and effective for the use of anti-tumor therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules16064389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,27]],"date-time":"2011-05-27T10:58:12Z","timestamp":1306493892000},"page":"4389-4400","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["In Vitro and In Vivo Antitumor Activity of Scutellaria barbate Extract on Murine Liver Cancer"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Zhi-Jun","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zong-Fang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zong-Zheng","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua-Feng","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai-Tao","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Diao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bao-Feng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xi-Jing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi\u2019an Jiaotong University, Xi\u2019an 710004, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.20107","article-title":"Global cancer statistics","volume":"61","author":"Jemal","year":"2011","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i13.1989","article-title":"Enhanced therapeutic effects of combined chemotherapeutic drugs and midkine antisense oligonucleotides for hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Dai","year":"2007","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2062","article-title":"Antitumor Activity of Chloroform Fraction of Scutellaria barbata and its Active Constituents","volume":"21","author":"Yu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1081\/CNV-120005926","article-title":"Botanical medicines for the treatment of cancer: Rationale, overview of current data, and methodological considerations for phase I and II trials","volume":"20","author":"Vickers","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Invest."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2003.12.012","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of Scutellaria barbata D.Don on human uterine leiomyomal smooth muscle cell proliferation through cell cycle analysis","volume":"4","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X96000050","article-title":"The anti-inflammatory activity of Scutellaria rivularis extracts and its active components, baicalin, baicaleinand wogonin","volume":"24","author":"Lin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am. J. Chin. Med."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1081\/IPH-200026841","article-title":"Differential Inhibition of Scutellaria barbata D. Don (Lamiaceae) on HCG-Promoted Proliferation of Cultured Uterine Leiomyomal and Myometrial Smooth Muscle Cells","volume":"26","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8197","DOI":"10.1021\/jf051506+","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of a chemically standardized extract from Scutellaria barbata in human colon cancer cell lines, LoVo","volume":"53","author":"Goh","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2004.05.015","article-title":"Anticanceractivity and mechanism of Scutellaria barbata extract on human lung cancer cell line A549","volume":"75","author":"Yin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cccn.2004.04.013","article-title":"Methylene chloride fraction of Scutellaria barbata induces apoptosis in human U937 leukemia cells via the mitochondrial signaling pathway","volume":"348","author":"Cha","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.2010","article-title":"Chemoprevention of Scutellaria bardata on Human Cancer Cells and Tumorigenesis in Skin Cancer","volume":"21","author":"Suh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"550","article-title":"Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activity of Scutellaria barbate containing serum on mouse hepatoma H22 cells","volume":"31","author":"Dai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Zhong Yao Cai"},{"key":"ref_13","first-page":"591","article-title":"Inhibition activity of Scutellariae barbata extracts against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells","volume":"26","author":"Lin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1048-891x.2004.014315.x","article-title":"Scutellaria barbata D. Don induces c-fos gene expression in human uterine leiomyomal cells by activating beta2-adrenergic receptors","volume":"14","author":"Lee","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynecol. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_15","first-page":"957","article-title":"Studies on the flavonoids in herb from Scutellaria barbata","volume":"29","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Zhong Guo Zhong Yao Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-990215","article-title":"Bioactive ent-clerodane diterpenoids from Scutellaria barbata","volume":"73","author":"Dai","year":"2007","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1080\/10286020.2010.507546","article-title":"Two new cytotoxic ent-clerodane diterpenoids from Scutellaria barbata","volume":"12","author":"Qu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Asian Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"1","article-title":"New norditerpenoid alkaloids from Scutellaria barbata with cytotoxic activities","volume":"15","author":"Dai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nat. Prod. Res."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"209","article-title":"Simultaneous determination of 7 active ingredients in Scutellaria barbata D. Don by capillary micellar electrokinetic chromatography","volume":"28","author":"Mi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Se Pu"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2004.02.005","article-title":"Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Scutellaria barbata","volume":"65","author":"Yu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"ref_21","first-page":"54","article-title":"\"Serum pharmacology\" and \"serum pharmacochemistry\"-New worlds of drug level monitoring starting from the pharmacology of Kampo remedies","volume":"5","author":"Tashiro","year":"1988","journal-title":"TDM Res."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2743","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.70359","article-title":"Effect of Apple Polyphenol Extract on Hepatoma Proliferation and Invasion in Culture and on Tumor Growth, Metastasis, and Abnormal Lipoprotein Profiles in Hepatoma-Bearing Rats","volume":"71","author":"Miura","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2659","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(03)00177-2","article-title":"Mechanisms for the vasodilations induced by Ginkgo biloba extract and its main constituent, bilobalide, in rat aorta","volume":"72","author":"Nishida","year":"2003","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2007.06.026","article-title":"Anti-proliferative and mutagenic activities of aqueous and methanol extracts of leaves from Pereskia bleo (Kunth) DC (Cactaceae)","volume":"113","author":"Er","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2010.10.023","article-title":"Preparative separation of four individual flavonoids in Scutellaria barbata D. Don based on high selectivity polymeric adsorbents with different polarities","volume":"878","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Chromatogr. B"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.10.4.12424","article-title":"BZL101, a phytochemical extract from the Scutellaria barbata plant, disrupts proliferation of human breast and prostate cancer cells through distinct mechanisms dependent on the cancer cell phenotype","volume":"10","author":"Marconett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cancer Biol. Ther"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3048","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v10.i20.3048","article-title":"Effect of resveratrol and in combination with 5-FU on murine liver cancer","volume":"10","author":"Wu","year":"2004","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_28","first-page":"48","article-title":"Experiments on efficiency enhancing and toxicity reducing of scutellaria barbata polysaccharides on cytoxan and its immunology mechanism","volume":"28","author":"Song","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Chin. Med. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7321","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.7321","article-title":"Scutellaria barbate extract induces apoptosis of hepatoma H22 cells via the mitochondrial pathway involving caspase-3","volume":"14","author":"Dai","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1006\/abio.2001.5219","article-title":"Screening assays for the mitochondrial permeability transition using a fluorescence multiwell plate reader","volume":"295","author":"Blattner","year":"2001","journal-title":"Anal. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2743","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.70359","article-title":"Effect of Apple Polyphenol Extract on Hepatoma Proliferation and Invasion in Culture and on Tumor Growth, Metastasis, and Abnormal Lipoprotein Profiles in Hepatoma-Bearing Rats","volume":"71","author":"Daiki","year":"2007","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1254\/jphs.FP0061088","article-title":"Antitumor Activity of the Methanol Extract of Hypericum hookerianum Stem Against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma in Swiss Albino Mice","volume":"103","author":"Dongre","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3990","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.3990","article-title":"Antitumor effect and mechanism of Gecko on human esophageal carcinoma cell lines in vitro and xenografted sarcoma 180 in Kunming mice","volume":"14","author":"Liu","year":"2008","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/16\/6\/4389\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T21:56:13Z","timestamp":1760219773000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/16\/6\/4389"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,27]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules16064389"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules16064389","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,27]]}}}