{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T04:28:15Z","timestamp":1773635295815,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,18]],"date-time":"2011-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1313625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Galanthamine, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor marketed as a hydrobromide salt (Razadyne\u00ae, Reminyl\u00ae) for the treatment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD), is obtained from Amaryllidaceae plants, especially those belonging to the genera Leucojum, Narcissus, Lycoris and Ungernia. The growing demand for galanthamine has prompted searches for new sources of this compound, as well as other bioactive alkaloids for the treatment of AD. In this paper we report the isolation of the new alkaloid 11\u03b2-hydroxygalanthamine, an epimer of the previously isolated alkaloid habranthine, which was identified using NMR techniques. It has been shown that 11\u03b2-hydroxygalanthamine has an important in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Additionally, Hippeastrum papilio yielded substantial quantities of galanthamine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules16087097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,18]],"date-time":"2011-08-18T11:29:37Z","timestamp":1313666977000},"page":"7097-7104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Alkaloids from Hippeastrum papilio"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Jean Paulo de","family":"Andrade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Products Naturals, Biologia Vegetal i Edafologia, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s\/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Strahil","family":"Berkov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Products Naturals, Biologia Vegetal i Edafologia, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s\/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"AgroBioInstitute, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesc","family":"Viladomat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Products Naturals, Biologia Vegetal i Edafologia, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s\/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carles","family":"Codina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Products Naturals, Biologia Vegetal i Edafologia, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s\/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Angelo S.","family":"Zuanazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Farm\u00e1cia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, 90610-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaume","family":"Bastida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departament de Products Naturals, Biologia Vegetal i Edafologia, Facultat de Farm\u00e0cia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s\/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"87","article-title":"Chemical and biological aspects of Narcissus alkaloids","volume":"63","author":"Cordell","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Alkaloids"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1220","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1346","article-title":"Antimalarial activity screening of some alkaloids and the plant extracts from Amaryllidaceae","volume":"17","author":"Sener","year":"2003","journal-title":"Phytother. 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Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2010.11.029","article-title":"Development and validation of a GC-MS method for rapid determination of galanthamine in Leucojum aestivum and Narcissus ssp.: A metabolomic approach","volume":"83","author":"Berkov","year":"2011","journal-title":"Talanta"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2006.07.027","article-title":"Anxiolytic-, antidepressant- and anticonvulsant-like effects of the alkaloid montanine isolated from Hippeastrum vittatum","volume":"85","author":"Bevilaqua","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2009.10.003","article-title":"Effect of isoquinoline alkaloids from two Hippeastrum species on in vitro acetylcholinesterase activity","volume":"17","author":"Pagliosa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2019","DOI":"10.1021\/np100449g","article-title":"Candimine-induced cell death of the Amitochondriate Parasite Trichomonas vaginalis","volume":"73","author":"Giordani","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Nat. Prod."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.2307\/2666729","article-title":"Phylogeny of the American Amaryllidaceae based on nrDNA ITS sequences","volume":"25","author":"Meerow","year":"2000","journal-title":"Syst. 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