{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T14:01:09Z","timestamp":1791036069097,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,5]],"date-time":"2012-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1354665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mucormycoses are emerging infections that have high rates of morbidity and mortality. They show high resistance to antifungal agents, and there is a limited therapeutic arsenal currently available, therefore, there is a great need to give priority to testing therapeutic agents for the treatment of mucormycosis. Along this line, the use of essential oils and phytoconstituents has been emphasized as a new therapeutic approach. The objective of this work was to investigate the antifungal activity of the essential oil (EO) of Thymus vulgaris, and its constituents thymol and p-cymene against Rhizopus oryzae, through microbiological screening, determination of minimal inhibitory concentration (MICs) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFCs), effects on mycelial growth and germination of sporangiospores and interaction with ergosterol. The MIC of EO and thymol varied 128\u2013512 \u00b5g\/mL, but the MFC of EO and thymol varied 512\u20131024 \u00b5g\/mL and 128\u20131024 \u00b5g\/mL, respectively. The results also showed that EO and thymol significantly inhibited mycelial development and germination of sporangiospores. Investigation of the mechanism of antifungal action showed that EO and thymol interact with ergosterol. These data indicate that EO of T. vulgaris and thymol possess strong antifungal activity, which can be related to their interaction with ergosterol, supporting the possible use of these products in the treatment of mucormycosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules171214418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,5]],"date-time":"2012-12-05T12:46:59Z","timestamp":1354711619000},"page":"14418-14433","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":146,"title":["Antifungal Activity of Thymus vulgaris L. Essential Oil and Its Constituent Phytochemicals against Rhizopus oryzae: Interaction with Ergosterol"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Kelly","family":"De Lira Mota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, 58051-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fillipe","family":"De Oliveira Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Education and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuit\u00e9, 58175-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wylly","family":"De Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Education and Health, Federal University of Campina Grande, Cuit\u00e9, 58175-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igara","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, 58051-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edeltrudes","family":"De Oliveira Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Mycology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Para\u00edba, Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, 58051-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1513\/pats.200510-110JH","article-title":"Fungal Infections","volume":"3","author":"Kauffman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Proc. 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