{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T05:17:19Z","timestamp":1776835039901,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,15]],"date-time":"2013-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1373846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Kondagogu (Cochlospermum gossypium) gum (KG), a natural tree exudate, was investigated for its morphological, adsorption and metal interaction behavior with various toxic heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr and Fe). SEM, AFM and TEM techniques were used to study the morphological changes occurring after metal adsorption onto the biopolymer structure. The degree of biosorption of metals on KG biopolymer surfaces was assessed by small-angle X-ray scattering analysis. EDXA spectrum revealed that the ion-exchange mechanism plays a major role in the binding process between KG and metal ions. The higher electron density observed in the KG-Cd complex suggests that Cd is strongly bound to KG compared to the other metals. This work provides a potential platform for developing a hydrocolloid-based nanogel for bioremediation of environmental contaminants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules18078264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,15]],"date-time":"2013-07-15T11:25:32Z","timestamp":1373887532000},"page":"8264-8274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Morphology and Metal Binding Characteristics of a Natural Polymer\u2014Kondagogu (Cochlospermum gossypium) Gum"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"V.","family":"Vinod","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Chemical Remediation Processes, Institute for Nanomaterials,  Advanced Technology and Innovation (CXI), Technical University of Liberec,  Studentsk\u00e1 1402\/2, Liberec 1, 461 17, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Sashidhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh\u2013500 007, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miroslav","family":"\u010cern\u00edk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Chemical Remediation Processes, Institute for Nanomaterials,  Advanced Technology and Innovation (CXI), Technical University of Liberec,  Studentsk\u00e1 1402\/2, Liberec 1, 461 17, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"BeMiller, J.N., and Salamone, J.C. 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