{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T11:47:28Z","timestamp":1791114448486,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,13]],"date-time":"2013-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384300800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, hydroxyapatite (HAP) was surface-modified by the addition of  \u03b2-alanine (\u03b2-Ala), and the ring-opening polymerization of \u03b3-benzyl-L-glutamate-N-carboxy-anhydride (BLG-NCA) was subsequently initiated. HAP containing surface poly-\u03b3-benzyl-L-glutamates (PBLG) was successfully prepared in this way. With the increase of PBLG content in HAP-PBLG, the solubility of HAP-PBLG increased gradually and it was ultimately soluble in chloroform. HAP-PLGA with surface carboxyl groups was obtained by the catalytic hydrogenation of HAP-PBLG. In the process of HAP modification, the morphology changes from rod to sheet and from flake to needle. The effect of BLG-NCA concentration on the character of hydroxyapatite-\u03b2-alanine-poly(\u03b3-benzyl-L-glutamate) (HAP-PBLG) was investigated. The existence of amino acids on the HAP surfaces was confirmed in the resulting Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The resulting powder X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the crystallinity of HAP decreased when the ratio of BLG-NCA\/HAP-NH2 increased to 20\/1. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicated that the particle size of HAP-PBLG decreased significantly and that the resulting particles appeared less agglomerated relative to that of the HAP-NH2 crystals. Furthermore, 1H-NMR spectra and FTIR spectra revealed that hydroxyapatite-\u03b2-alanine-poly (L-glutamic acid) (HAP-PLGA) was able to successfully bear carboxylic acid groups on its side chains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules181113979","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,13]],"date-time":"2013-11-13T12:55:52Z","timestamp":1384347352000},"page":"13979-13991","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The Synthesis and Characterization of  Hydroxyapatite-\u03b2-Alanine Modified by Grafting  Polymerization of \u03b3-Benzyl-L-glutamate-N-carboxyanhydride"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yukai","family":"Shan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Biopolymer Functional Materials of Yunnan,  Yunnan University of Nationalities, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuyue","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology,  Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongming","family":"Chuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Biopolymer Functional Materials of Yunnan,  Yunnan University of Nationalities, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongli","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Biopolymer Functional Materials of Yunnan,  Yunnan University of Nationalities, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2899-9584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minglong","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Biopolymer Functional Materials of Yunnan,  Yunnan University of Nationalities, Kunming 650500, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008918110156","article-title":"Morphological study of hydroxyapatite nanocrystal suspension","volume":"11","author":"Bouyer","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. 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