{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T09:43:44Z","timestamp":1789638224984,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,26]],"date-time":"2013-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plants that help in slowing down the digestion of triacylglycerols (TAGs) in the pancreas and small intestine of humans play an important role in the reduction of obesity. On the other hand, there may be plants or plant parts that stimulate intestinal lipolytic activity, thus contributing to greater TAG assimilation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the aqueous methanolic extracts of ninety eight (98) medicinal, herbal and aquatic plant materials from Malaysia for their effect on porcine pancreatic lipase (PPL) activity and to identify the structure of an anti-lipase compound from one of the sources. The degree of inhibition was also quantified as relative to orlistat activity against PPL (orlistat equivalents). Results revealed that while 19.4% of the extracts were found to have anti-lipase activity \u226580%, 12% were actually found to promote PPL activity. Twenty two percent (22.4%) exhibited moderate inhibition (41%\u201380%) and 2% were neutral toward PPL activity. The ripe fruit of Averrhoa carambola and the leaves of Archidendron jiringa (Jack) I.C Nielsen L. (jering), Cynometra cauliflora (nam-nam) and Aleurites moluccana (L.) Willd (candle nut\/buah keras) had the highest (100%) anti-lipase activity and are equivalent to 0.11 \u00b5g orlistat\/mL. Plants that stimulated lipase activity included Pimpinella anisum L. (aniseed\/jintan manis), activating the enzyme by 186.5%. Kaempferol  3-O-rhamnoside was isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of C. cauliflora leaves  and found to be an active lipase inhibitor. The structure was elucidated using 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and 2D-NMR analyses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules181214651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,27]],"date-time":"2013-11-27T03:22:47Z","timestamp":1385522567000},"page":"14651-14669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Anti- and Pro-Lipase Activity of Selected Medicinal, Herbal  and Aquatic Plants, and Structure Elucidation of an  Anti-Lipase Compound"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Ado","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faridah","family":"Abas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"},{"name":"Institute of Biosciences, University Putra Malaysia UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulkarim","family":"Mohammed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hasanah","family":"Ghazali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia UPM, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1078\/0944-7113-00078","article-title":"Recent findings of green tea extract AR25 (Exolise) and its activity for the treatment of obesity","volume":"9","author":"Chantre","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. 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