{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T10:58:06Z","timestamp":1791889086902,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":138,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,17]],"date-time":"2014-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395014400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a naturally-occurring glycosaminoglycan and a major component of the extracellular matrix. Low levels of the hyaluronic acid receptor CD44 are found on the surface of epithelial, hematopoietic, and neuronal cells; it is overexpressed in many cancer cells, and in particular in tumor-initiating cells. HA has recently attracted considerable interest in the field of developing drug delivery systems, having been used, as such or encapsulated in different types of nanoassembly, as ligand to prepare nano-platforms for actively targeting drugs, genes, and diagnostic agents. This review describes recent progress made with the several chemical strategies adopted to synthesize conjugates and prepare novel delivery systems with improved behaviors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules19033193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,17]],"date-time":"2014-03-17T12:40:04Z","timestamp":1395060004000},"page":"3193-3230","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":134,"title":["Hyaluronic Acid Conjugates as Vectors for the Active Targeting of Drugs, Genes and Nanocomposites in Cancer Treatment"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7720-3584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Arpicco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (Department of Drug Science and Technology), University of Torino, Torino, I-10125, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Milla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (Department of Drug Science and Technology), University of Torino, Torino, I-10125, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8266-6604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Stella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (Department of Drug Science and Technology), University of Torino, Torino, I-10125, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1128-9922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franco","family":"Dosio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco (Department of Drug Science and Technology), University of Torino, Torino, I-10125, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2893","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25516","article-title":"Estimates of worldwide burden of cancer in 2008: Globocan 2008","volume":"127","author":"Ferlay","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. 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