{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T14:25:54Z","timestamp":1791987954531,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]],"date-time":"2014-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1405382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Senna villosa (Miller) is a plant that grows in M\u00e9xico. In traditional Mexican medicine, it is used topically to treat skin infections, pustules and eruptions and to heal wounds by scar formation. However, studies of its potential anti-inflammatory effects have not been performed. The aim of the present study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of extracts from the leaves of Senna villosa and to perform a bioassay-guided chemical study of the extract with major activity in a model of ear edema induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA). The results reveal that the chloroform extract from Senna villosa leaves has anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties. Nine fractions were obtained from the bioassay-guided chemical study, including a white precipitate from fractions 2 and 3. Although none of the nine fractions presented anti-inflammatory activity, the white precipitate exhibited pharmacological activity. It was chemically characterized using mass spectrometry and infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, resulting in a mixture of three aliphatic esters, which were identified as the principal constituents: hexyl tetradecanoate (C20H40O2), heptyl tetradecanoate (C21H42O2) and octyl tetradecanoate (C22H44O2). This research provides, for the first time, evidence of the anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties of compounds isolated from Senna villosa.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules190710261","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]],"date-time":"2014-07-15T11:12:35Z","timestamp":1405422755000},"page":"10261-10278","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Bioassay-Guided Chemical Study of the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Senna villosa (Miller) H.S. Irwin &amp; Barneby (Leguminosae) in TPA-Induced Ear Edema"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ana","family":"Susunaga-Notario","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctorado en Biolog\u00eda Experimental, D.C.B.S., Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186 Colonia, Vicentina, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salud","family":"P\u00e9rez-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Productos Naturales, Departamento Sistemas Biol\u00f3gicos, D.C.B.S., Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col, Villa Quietud, Coyoac\u00e1n 04690, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Zavala-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Productos Naturales, Departamento Sistemas Biol\u00f3gicos, D.C.B.S., Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana Unidad Xochimilco, Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col, Villa Quietud, Coyoac\u00e1n 04690, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julio","family":"Almanza-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Farmacolog\u00eda, Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, D.C.B.S., Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186 Colonia, Vicentina, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atilano","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of RMN, Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, D.C.B.I. Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, M\u00e9xico D.F. 09340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Arrieta-B\u00e1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional-CNMN, Calle, Luis Enrique Erro s\/n, Unidad Profesional Adolfo L\u00f3pez Mateos, Gustavo A, Madero 07738, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"L\u00f3pez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctorado en Biolog\u00eda Experimental, D.C.B.S., Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186 Colonia, Vicentina, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rub\u00e9n","family":"Rom\u00e1n-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Farmacolog\u00eda, Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, D.C.B.S., Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186 Colonia, Vicentina, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Flores-S\u00e1enz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Farmacolog\u00eda, Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, D.C.B.S., Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186 Colonia, Vicentina, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Alarc\u00f3n-Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Farmacolog\u00eda, Departamento Ciencias de la Salud, D.C.B.S., Universidad Aut\u00f3noma Metropolitana Unidad Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco No.186 Colonia, Vicentina, Iztapalapa 09340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07204","article-title":"The development of allergic inflammation","volume":"454","author":"Galli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2012.01739.x","article-title":"Less common clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis: Prevalence by age","volume":"29","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.5021\/ad.2013.25.3.292","article-title":"Improvement of atopic dermatitis severity after reducing indoor air pollutants","volume":"25","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. 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