{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,7]],"date-time":"2026-04-07T20:50:25Z","timestamp":1775595025861,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,15]],"date-time":"2014-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1413331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lonicera japonica flos is widely used as a pharmaceutical resource and a commonly-employed ingredient in healthy food, soft beverages and cosmetics in China. Sometimes, sulfur fumigation is used during post-harvest handling. In this study, a comprehensive comparison of the chemical profile between sun-dried and sulfur-fumigated samples was conducted by HPLC fingerprints and simultaneous quantification of nine constituents, including secologanic acid, along with another eight usually-analyzed markers. Secologanic acid was destroyed, and its sulfonates were generated, whereas caffeoylquinic acids were protected from being oxidized. The residual sulfur dioxide in sulfur-fumigated samples was significantly higher than that in sun-dried samples, which might increase the potential incidence of toxicity to humans. Meanwhile, compared with sun-dried samples, sulfur-fumigated samples have significantly stronger antioxidant activity, which could be attributed to the joint effect of protected phenolic acids and flavonoids, as well as newly-generated iridoid sulfonates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules191016640","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,15]],"date-time":"2014-10-15T10:49:43Z","timestamp":1413370183000},"page":"16640-16655","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Influence of Sulfur Fumigation on the Chemical Constituents and Antioxidant Activity of Buds of Lonicera japonica"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Ai-Li","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,  Beijing 100700, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liang-Mian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,  Beijing 100700, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Beijing 100700, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan-Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,  Beijing 100700, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Qian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,  Beijing 100700, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Beijing 100700, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qi-Wei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,  Beijing 100700, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Beijing 100700, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui-Min","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,  Beijing 100700, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Beijing 100700, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,  Beijing 100700, China"},{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Quality Control Technology of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Beijing 100700, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhen-Zhong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Kanion Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang 222001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2011.00084","article-title":"Sulfur fumigation processing of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs: Beneficial or detrimental?","volume":"2","author":"Kan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front. 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