{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T20:34:01Z","timestamp":1784752441996,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,11]],"date-time":"2015-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of the Securinega alkaloid (+)-phyllanthidine on Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and the first chemical investigation of Margaritaria nobilis L.f. (Phyllanthaceae) are described. Treating the parasites with this alkaloid caused a dose-dependent reduction in promastigote growth of 67.68% (IC50 82.37 \u03bcg\/mL or 353 \u00b5M) and in amastigote growth of 83.96% (IC50 49.11 \u03bcg\/mL or 210 \u00b5M), together with ultrastructural alterations in the promastigotes. No cytotoxic effect was detected in mammalian cells (CC50 1727.48 \u00b5g\/mL or CC50 5268 \u00b5M). Classical chromatographic techniques and spectral methods led to the isolation and identification of betulinic acid, kaempferol, corilagin, gallic acid and its methyl ester, besides (+)-phyllanthidine from M. nobilis leaves and stems. Margaritaria nobilis is another source of the small group of Securinega alkaloids, together with other Phyllanthaceae (Euphorbiaceae s.l.) species. The low toxicity to macrophages and the effects against promastigotes and amastigotes are suggestive that (+)-phyllanthidine could be a promising antileishmanial agent for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules201219829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,14]],"date-time":"2015-12-14T02:57:29Z","timestamp":1450061849000},"page":"22157-22169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Leishmanicidal Activity of (+)-Phyllanthidine and the Phytochemical Profile of Margaritaria nobilis (Phyllanthaceae)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Lienne","family":"Moraes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Parasitologia e Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m, Par\u00e1 66075-110, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcio","family":"Donza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Qu\u00edmica, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m, Par\u00e1 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil"},{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Microscopia Eletr\u00f4nica, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade, Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, Bel\u00e9m, Par\u00e1 66090-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Parasitologia e Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m, Par\u00e1 66075-110, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Davi","family":"Brasil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Qu\u00edmica, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m, Par\u00e1 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Zoghbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Bot\u00e2nica, Museu Paraense Em\u00edlio Goeldi, Bel\u00e9m, Par\u00e1 66077-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elo\u00edsa","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Qu\u00edmica, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m, Par\u00e1 66075-110, Brazil"},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Bot\u00e2nica, Museu Paraense Em\u00edlio Goeldi, Bel\u00e9m, Par\u00e1 66077-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giselle","family":"Guilhon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Qu\u00edmica, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m, Par\u00e1 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6555-6868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edilene","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Parasitologia e Biologia Estrutural, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas, Universidade Federal do Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m, Par\u00e1 66075-110, Brazil"},{"name":"Instituto Nacional de Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO World Health Organization (2015). 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