{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T05:32:05Z","timestamp":1792647125489,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]],"date-time":"2016-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Obesity is a global health concern. Piceatannol (Pic), an analog of resveratrol (Res), has many reported biological activities. In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity effect of Pic in a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese animal model. The results showed that Pic significantly reduced mouse body weight in a dose-dependent manner without affecting food intake. Serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, and blood glucose (GLU) were significantly lowered in Pic-treated groups. Pic significantly decreased the weight of liver, spleen, perigonadal and retroperitoneal fat compared with the HFD group. Pic significantly reduced the adipocyte cell size of perigonadal fat and decreased the weight of liver. Pic-treated mice showed higher phosphorylated adenosine 5\u2032-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (pAMPK) and phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase (pACC) protein levels and decreased protein levels of CCAAT\/enhancer-binding protein C\/EBP\u03b1, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor PPAR\u03b3 and fatty acid synthase (FAS), resulting in decreased lipid accumulation in adipocytes and the liver. Pic altered the composition of the gut microbiota by increasing Firmicutes and Lactobacillus and decreasing Bacteroidetes compared with the HFD group. Collectively, these results suggest that Pic may be a candidate for obesity treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21111419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]],"date-time":"2016-10-25T10:28:49Z","timestamp":1477391329000},"page":"1419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Piceatannol Exerts Anti-Obesity Effects in C57BL\/6 Mice through Modulating Adipogenic Proteins and Gut Microbiota"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yen-Chen","family":"Tung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Hsuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong-Jhang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shen-Chieh","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Science &amp; Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An-Chin","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Tourism, Food and Beverage Management, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 71101, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9470-4110","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nagabhushanam","family":"Kalyanam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sabinsa Corporation, East Windsor, NJ 08520, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Tang","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5188-7030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min-Hsiung","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1038\/35007508","article-title":"Obesity as a medical problem","volume":"404","author":"Kopelman","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2548","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0395","article-title":"Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ","volume":"89","author":"Kershaw","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.2343","article-title":"Immunological complications of obesity","volume":"13","author":"Kanneganti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1002\/iub.387","article-title":"Metabolic functions of AMPK: Aspects of structure and of natural mutations in the regulatory gamma subunits","volume":"62","author":"Moffat","year":"2010","journal-title":"IUBMB Life"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201300020","article-title":"4-hydroxyderricin and xanthoangelol from ashitaba (Angelica keiskei) suppress differentiation of preadipocytes to adipocytes via AMPK and MAPK pathways","volume":"57","author":"Zhang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2009.00642.x","article-title":"Regulatory enzymes of mitochondrial beta-oxidation as targets for treatment of the metabolic syndrome","volume":"11","author":"Schreurs","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1038\/4441022a","article-title":"Microbial ecology: Human gut microbes associated with obesity","volume":"444","author":"Ley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_8","first-page":"979","article-title":"Mechanisms underlying the resistance to diet-induced obesity in germ-free mice","volume":"16","author":"Manchester","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.2174\/138161209788168164","article-title":"The role of the gut microbiota in energy metabolism and metabolic disease","volume":"15","author":"Cani","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrrev.2011.11.001","article-title":"Biological activity of piceatannol: Leaving the shadow of resveratrol","volume":"750","author":"Piotrowska","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mutat. Res."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2541","DOI":"10.1021\/jf404694y","article-title":"Absorption and metabolism of piceatannol in rats","volume":"26","author":"Setoguchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11566","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.259721","article-title":"Piceatannol, natural polyphenolic stilbene, inhibits adipogenesis via modulation of mitotic clonal expansion and insulin receptor-dependent insulin signaling in early phase of differentiation","volume":"287","author":"Kwon","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Symonds, M.E. (2012). Adipose Tissue Biology, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-0965-6"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2013.02.005","article-title":"Adipose tissue dysfunction contributes to obesity related metabolic diseases","volume":"27","year":"2013","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2016.06.005","article-title":"Phytochemicals in regulating fatty acid beta-oxidation: Potential underlying mechanisms and their involvement in obesity and weight loss","volume":"165","author":"Rupasinghe","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2015.12.004","article-title":"A review on possible therapeutic targets to contain obesity: The role of phytochemicals","volume":"10","author":"Balaji","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obes. Res. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.01.072","article-title":"Resveratrol restores the circadian rhythmic disorder of lipid metabolism induced by high-fat diet in mice","volume":"458","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b15-00009","article-title":"Piceatannol lowers the blood glucose level in diabetic mice","volume":"38","author":"Inagaki","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"ref_19","first-page":"E1","article-title":"Amp-activated protein kinase, a metabolic master switch: Possible roles in type 2 diabetes","volume":"277","author":"Winder","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2015.23","article-title":"Resveratrol induces brown-like adipocyte formation in white fat through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) \u03b11","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. (Lond.)"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2012.09.011","article-title":"Hepatic lipid metabolic pathways modified by resveratrol in rats fed an obesogenic diet","volume":"29","author":"Alberdi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cld.2013.09.019","article-title":"Obesity and liver disease: The epidemic of the twenty-first century","volume":"18","author":"Corey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2013.11.016","article-title":"Resveratrol attenuates hepatic steatosis in high-fat fed mice by decreasing lipogenesis and inflammation","volume":"30","author":"Andrade","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1039\/c3fo60630a","article-title":"Effects of resveratrol on gut microbiota and fat storage in a mouse model with high-fat-induced obesity","volume":"5","author":"Qiao","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1007\/s13105-015-0464-2","article-title":"Limited beneficial effects of piceatannol supplementation on obesity complications in the obese Zucker rat: Gut microbiota, metabolic, endocrine, and cardiac aspects","volume":"72","author":"Hijona","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Physiol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2060","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of resveratrol: The in vivo evidence","volume":"5","author":"Baur","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2004.12.001","article-title":"Antioxidant, prooxidant and cytotoxic activity of hydroxylated resveratrol analogues: Structure-activity relationship","volume":"69","author":"Murias","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.07-9574LSF","article-title":"Dose translation from animal to human studies revisited","volume":"22","author":"Nihal","year":"2008","journal-title":"FASEB J."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1002\/mnfr.201400809","article-title":"Calebin-A inhibits adipogenesis and hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-induced obesity via activation of AMPK signaling","volume":"59","author":"Lai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Nutr. Food Res."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4516","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1000080107","article-title":"Global patterns of 16s rrna diversity at a depth of millions of sequences per sample","volume":"108","author":"Caporaso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/21\/11\/1419\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T19:33:56Z","timestamp":1760211236000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/21\/11\/1419"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules21111419"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules21111419","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,25]]}}}