{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T23:58:04Z","timestamp":1788998284659,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,4]],"date-time":"2016-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1478217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001824","name":"Czech Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GACR P503\/12\/0337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GACR P503\/12\/0337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001824","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004755","name":"University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["44\/2014\/FaF"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["44\/2014\/FaF"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004755","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Czech Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports","award":["LO1214 and LM2015051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LO1214 and LM2015051"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004240","name":"Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RVO 67985939"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RVO 67985939"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004240","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pectinatella magnifica, an invasive bryozoan, might significantly affect ecosystem balance due to its massive occurrence in many areas in Europe and other parts of the world. Biological and chemical analyses are needed to get complete information about the impact of the animal on the environment. In this paper, we aimed to evaluate in vitro cytotoxic effects of five extracts prepared from P. magnifica using LDH assay on THP-1 cell line. Antimicrobial activities of extracts against 22 different bacterial strains were tested by microdilution method. Our study showed that all extracts tested, except aqueous portion, demonstrated LD50 values below 100 \u03bcg\/mL, which indicates potential toxicity. The water extract of P. magnifica with LD50 value of 250 \u03bcg\/mL also shows potentially harmful effects. Also, an environmental risk resulting from the presence and increasing biomass of potentially toxic benthic cyanobacteria in old colonies should not be underestimated. Toxicity of Pectinatella extracts could be partially caused by presence of Aeromonas species in material, since we found members of these genera as most abundant bacteria associated with P. magnifica. Furthermore, P. magnifica seems to be a promising source of certain antimicrobial agents. Its methanolic extract, hexane, and chloroform fractions possessed selective inhibitory effect on some potential pathogens and food spoiling bacteria in the range of MIC 0.5\u201310 mg\/mL. Future effort should be made to isolate and characterize the content compounds derived from P. magnifica, which could help to identify the substance(s) responsible for the toxic effects of P. magnifica extracts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21111476","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,4]],"date-time":"2016-11-04T11:18:38Z","timestamp":1478258318000},"page":"1476","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Assessment of Chemical Impact of Invasive Bryozoan Pectinatella magnifica on the Environment: Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Activity of P. magnifica Extracts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Peter","family":"Kollar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palack\u00e9ho t\u0159. 1946\/1, Brno 61242, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karel","family":"\u0160mejkal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palack\u00e9ho t\u0159. 1946\/1, Brno 61242, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hana","family":"Salmonov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kam\u00fdck\u00e1 129, Prague 6, 16521, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Vlkov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kam\u00fdck\u00e1 129, Prague 6, 16521, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Lep\u0161ov\u00e1-Sk\u00e1celov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice, Brani\u0161ovsk\u00e1 31, \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice 37005, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuzana","family":"Balounov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Studies, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice, Studentsk\u00e1 13, \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice 37005, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josef","family":"Rajchard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Studies, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice, Studentsk\u00e1 13, \u010cesk\u00e9 Bud\u011bjovice 37005, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3590-9009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josef","family":"Cva\u010dka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo n\u00e1m. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Libor","family":"Ja\u0161a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RECETOX\u2014Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753\/5, Brno 60200, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Experimental Phycology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Lidick\u00e1 25\/27, Brno 60200, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6399-3554","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavel","family":"Babica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RECETOX\u2014Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753\/5, Brno 60200, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Experimental Phycology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Lidick\u00e1 25\/27, Brno 60200, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4952-0771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ji\u0159\u00ed","family":"Pazourek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Palack\u00e9ho t\u0159. 1946\/1, Brno 61242, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"Presence of colonies of the bryozoan Pectinatella magnifica Leidy 1851 in the Loire and the Nantes channel at Brest (Loire-Atlantique)","volume":"27","author":"Carroget","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bull. 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