{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T04:06:26Z","timestamp":1785816386298,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,19]],"date-time":"2016-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1482105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the China Ministry of Science and Technology","award":["2016YFD0600803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016YFD0600803"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31270624"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31270624"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"the National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31670579"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31670579"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The seeds of Gleditsia sinensis and Gleditsia microphylla, widespread in China, are an important source of galactomannans. G. sinensis gum (GSG) and G. microphylla gum (GMG) were purified and precipitated using different concentrations of ethanol and isopropanol. The GSG and GMG, precipitated in different stages, presented different characteristics, including polymer recovery, mannose\/galactose ratio, chemical composition, molecular weight, and morphological appearance. The galactomannan recovery of GSG and GMG in 33.3% ethanol was 81.7% and 82.5%, respectively, while that in 28.8% isopropanol was 81.3% and 82.9%, respectively. To achieve similar precipitation efficiency, the amount of isopropanol should be lower than that of ethanol because of the lower dielectric constant of isopropanol (20 vs. 25 for ethanol). The precipitation behavior of galactomannans in polar organic solvents was dependent on the molecular structures and properties of the solvent. A higher mannose\/galactose ratio and a higher molecular weight was obtained in a lower concentration of alcohols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules21121745","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,23]],"date-time":"2016-12-23T04:09:09Z","timestamp":1482466149000},"page":"1745","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Characterization of Fractional Polysaccharides from Gleditsia sinensis and Gleditsia microphylla Gums"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Yantao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenglong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiufang","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianxin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Bioenergy, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dafeng","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanjing Institute for the Comprehensive Utilization of Wild Plant, Nanjing 210042, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-005X(99)00040-5","article-title":"Viscosity of galactomannans during high temperature processing: Influence of degradation and solubilisation","volume":"13","author":"Kok","year":"1999","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-005X(02)00054-1","article-title":"Extraction, purification and physicochemical characterization of fenugreek gum","volume":"17","author":"Brummer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Food Hydrocoll."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.farmac.2004.04.005","article-title":"Evaluation of honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos, Linn.) gum as sustaining material in tablet dosage forms","volume":"59","author":"Uner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Farmaco"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1159\/000069713","article-title":"Antiproliferative Activity of the Extract of Gleditsia sinensis Fruit on Human Solid Tumour Cell Lines","volume":"48","author":"Chow","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chemotherapy"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"1601","article-title":"Gleditsia sinensis fruit extract is a potential chemotherapeutic agent in chronic and acute myelogenous leukemia","volume":"10","author":"Chow","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncol. 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