{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T13:55:53Z","timestamp":1768830953250,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,14]],"date-time":"2017-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the current investigation, the physicochemical, biopharmaceutical and pharmacokinetic characterization of a new clofibric acid analog (Compound 1) was evaluated. Compound 1 showed affinity by lipophilic phase in 1 to 5 pH interval, indicating that this compound would be absorbed favorably in duodenum or jejunum. Also, Compound 1 possess two ionic species, first above of pH 4.43 and, the second one is present over pH 6.08. The apparent permeability in everted sac rat intestine model was 8.73 \u00d7 10\u22126 cm\/s in duodenum and 1.62 \u00d7 10\u22125 cm\/s in jejunum, suggesting that Compound 1 has low permeability. Elimination constant after an oral administration of 50 \u03bcg\/kg in Wistar rat was 1.81 h\u22121, absorption constant was 3.05 h\u22121, Cmax was 3.57 \u03bcg\/mL at 0.33 h, AUC0\u2013\u03b1 was 956.54 \u03bc\/mL\u00b7h and distribution volume was 419.4 mL. To IV administration at the same dose, ke was 1.21 h\u22121, Vd was 399.6 mL and AUC0\u2013\u03b1 was 747.81 \u03bc\/mL\u00b7h. No significant differences were observed between pharmacokinetic parameters at every administration route. Bioavailability evaluated was 10.4%. Compound 1 is metabolized to Compound 2 probably by enzymatic hydrolysis, and it showed a half-life of 9.24 h. With these properties, Compound 1 would be considered as a prodrug of Compound 2 with potential as an antidiabetic and anti dyslipidemic agent.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22020282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]],"date-time":"2017-02-15T10:09:07Z","timestamp":1487153347000},"page":"282","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Biopharmaceutical Characterization and Bioavailability Study of a Tetrazole Analog of Clofibric Acid in Rat"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Nancy","family":"Vara-Gama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Valladares-M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5344-4762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Navarrete-Vazquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1860-0744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Estrada-Soto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Orozco-Castellanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farmacia, Universidad de Guanajuato, 36050 Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5521-1791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julio","family":"Rivera-Leyva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma del Estado de Morelos, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Mbanya, J.C. 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