{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:57:21Z","timestamp":1787029041289,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,9]],"date-time":"2017-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A series of chromatographic separations performed on the ethanol extracts of the peels of Citrus grandis has led to the characterization of forty compounds, including seventeen coumarins, eight flavonoids, two triterpenoids, four benzenoids, two steroids, one lignan, one amide, and five other compounds, respectively. The chemical structures of the purified constituents were identified on the basis of spectroscopic elucidation, including 1D- and 2D-NMR, UV, IR, and mass spectrometric analysis. Most of the isolated compounds were examined for their inhibition of superoxide anion generation and elastase release by human neutrophils. Among the isolates, isomeranzin (3), 17,18-dihydroxybergamottin (12), epoxybergamottin (13), rhoifolin (19), vitexicarpin (22) and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (29) displayed the most significant inhibition of superoxide anion generation and elastase release with IC50 values ranged from 0.54 to 7.57 \u03bcM, and 0.43 to 4.33 \u03bcM, respectively. In addition, 7-hydroxy-8-(2\u2032-hydroxy-3\u2032-methylbut-3\u2032-enyl)coumarin (8) and 17,18-dihydroxybergamottin (12) also exhibited the protection of neurons against A-mediated neurotoxicity at 50 \u03bcM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22060967","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,9]],"date-time":"2017-06-09T10:29:59Z","timestamp":1497004199000},"page":"967","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Constituents from the Peels of Citrus grandis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3019-1138","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ping-Chung","family":"Kuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Ren","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin-Yi","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Wei","family":"Chuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5780-3977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsong-Long","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiow-Chyn","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2699-116X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young-Ji","family":"Shiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Basic Chinese Medicine, National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei 112, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daih-Huang","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian-Shung","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Health Care, Tajen University, Pingtung 907, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1999","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114516004219","article-title":"Flavanone-rich Citrus beverages counteract the transient decline in postprandial endothelial function in humans: A randomised, controlled, double-masked, cross-over intervention study","volume":"116","author":"Rendeiro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br. 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