{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T23:33:40Z","timestamp":1771457620216,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,10]],"date-time":"2017-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1507593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005632","name":"National Centre for Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LIDER\/ 154\/L-6\/14\/NCBR\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LIDER\/ 154\/L-6\/14\/NCBR\/2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005632","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Materials used in ossicular replacement prostheses must possess appropriate biological properties, such as biocompatibility, stability, no cytotoxicity. Due to the risk of infection (otitis media and chronic otitis media), it is desirable to use an antibacterial agent for illness prevention during the ossicular reconstruction. The goal of this work was to observe biological properties of a new composite prosthesis made of ABS containing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs 45T). Samples for biological tests and then a prototype of middle ear prosthesis were prepared using injection moulding and extrusion techniques. In vitro experiments were carried out to assess bactericidal efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomona aeruginosa standard strains, cell proliferation, viability and cytotoxicity, using Hs680.Tr. fibroblast cells. Surface parameters of the samples were evaluated, including roughness and wettability. The silver ions were continually released from the polymer in aqueous solution. The silver ions release was measured as increasing with time and concentration of the silver nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. No cytotoxicity effect was observed, while bactericidal efficacy was noticed for silver nanoparticles. The roughness studies showed an increase in roughness for the samples with silver nanoparticles. All polymer and composite materials containing silver nanoparticles showed hydrophilic properties. The composites were found to release silver ions at a concentration level capable of rendering the antimicrobial efficacy even with the lowest concentration of silver nanoparticles in the material. Our results demonstrate that middle ear prosthesis made of polymer and silver nanoparticles may eliminate bacteria during inflammation in the middle ear.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22101681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,10]],"date-time":"2017-10-10T10:34:29Z","timestamp":1507631669000},"page":"1681","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Middle Ear Prosthesis with Bactericidal Efficacy\u2014In Vitro Investigation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Zi\u0105bka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, Department of Ceramics and Refractories, Krakow 30-059, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5661-5467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Dziadek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, Department of Glass Technology and Amorphous Coatings, Krakow 30-059, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0602-3583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"El\u017cbieta","family":"Menaszek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UJ-Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Cytobiology, Krakow 30-001, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rafa\u0142","family":"Banasiuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gdansk, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG-GUMed, Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Gdansk 80-307, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5231-283X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Kr\u00f3licka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Gdansk, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology UG-GUMed, Department of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Gdansk 80-307, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1177\/0885328215570103","article-title":"Biocompatibility of silver containing silica films on Bioverit\u00e2 II middle ear prostheses in rabbits","volume":"30","author":"Duda","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Biomater. Appl."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1007\/s11274-009-0211-3","article-title":"Bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles against multidrug-resistant bacteria","volume":"26","author":"Lara","year":"2010","journal-title":"World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4708","DOI":"10.1021\/cr300288v","article-title":"Nanobio Silver: Its interactions with peptides and bacteria, and its uses in medicine","volume":"113","author":"Eckhardt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chem. Rev."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2346","DOI":"10.1088\/0957-4484\/16\/10\/059","article-title":"The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles","volume":"16","author":"Morones","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otot.2009.10.005","article-title":"Reconstruction of the ossicular chain in children","volume":"20","author":"Brenski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oper. Tech. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"45","article-title":"Deafness in the 20th Century. Evolution of clinical otology, prevention and rehabilitation of hearing defects","volume":"27","author":"Felisati","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol. Ital."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2273.2000.00364.x","article-title":"Ossiculoplasty using hydroxyapatite prostheses: Long-term results","volume":"25","author":"Shinohara","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. Otolaryngol. Allied Sci."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-997590","article-title":"Replacement of ear ossicles with titanium prostheses","volume":"75","author":"Stupp","year":"1996","journal-title":"Laryngorhinootologie"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1177\/014556130508400310","article-title":"Surgical-handling properties of the titanium prosthesis in ossiculoplasty","volume":"84","author":"Maassen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ear Nose Throat J."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2007.01.062","article-title":"Rapid prototyping of ossicular replacement prostheses","volume":"253","author":"Ovsianikov","year":"2007","journal-title":"Appl. Surf. Sci."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-1810(95)80009-3","article-title":"Ossicular Reconstruction with Torp Prostheses","volume":"6","author":"Rivas","year":"1995","journal-title":"Oper. Tech. Otolaryngol\u2013Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/S1043-1810(10)80119-8","article-title":"Reconstruction of the middle ear using hydroxylapatite hybid prostheses","volume":"3","author":"Goldenberg","year":"1992","journal-title":"Oper. Tech. Otolaryngol.-Head. Neck Surg."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/S1672-2930(09)50008-6","article-title":"Ossicular Reconstruction with Sheehy PORP","volume":"4","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Otol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms16012099","article-title":"Antimicrobial Polymers with Metal Nanoparticles","volume":"16","author":"Palza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2081","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2004.05.030","article-title":"Silver ion release from antimicrobial polyamide\/silver composites","volume":"26","author":"Kumar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"ref_16","first-page":"385","article-title":"Synthesis of silver nanoparticles: Chemical, physical and biological methods","volume":"9","author":"Iravani","year":"2014","journal-title":"Res. Pharm. Sci."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4548","DOI":"10.1021\/cm100023p","article-title":"Toxicity of silver nanoparticles increases during storage because of slow dissolution under release of silver ions","volume":"22","author":"Kittler","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1021\/la703085e","article-title":"Antibacterial Properties of Novel Poly(methyl methacrylate) Nanofiber Containing Silver Nanoparticles","volume":"24","author":"Kong","year":"2008","journal-title":"Langmuir"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1007\/s10904-013-9832-y","article-title":"Ultrasound irradiation coating of silver nanoparticle on ABS sheet surface","volume":"23","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym Mater."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1019","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkh478","article-title":"Silver nanoparticles and polymeric medical devices: A new approach to prevention of infection?","volume":"54","author":"Furno","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Antimicrob. Chemother."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1021\/ma00193a043","article-title":"Structural changes accompanying hydration in nylon 6","volume":"22","author":"Murthy","year":"1989","journal-title":"Macromolecules"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2016.03.047","article-title":"Light-activated polymethylmethacrylate nanofibers with antibacterial activity","volume":"64","author":"Elashnikov","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mater. Sci. Eng. C"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5814","DOI":"10.1021\/jf060658h","article-title":"Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan-Based Nanocomposite Films with Antimicrobial Activity","volume":"54","author":"Rhim","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ivask, A., Kurvet, I., Kasemets, K., Blinova, I., Aruoja, V., Suppi, S., and Visnapuu, M. (2014). Size-dependent toxicity of silver nanoparticles to bacteria, yeast, algae, crustaceans and mammalian cells in vitro. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102108"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.4012\/dmj.28.461","article-title":"Effect of surface roughness on initial responses of osteoblast-like cells on two types of zirconia","volume":"28","author":"Yamashita","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dent. Mater. J."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"e88","article-title":"In vitro preliminary study of osteoblast response to surface roughness of titanium discs and topical application of melatonin","volume":"20","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Oral Patol. Oral Cir. Bucal."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nantod.2014.06.003","article-title":"Nanomedicine in the management of microbial infection\u2014Overview and perspectives","volume":"9","author":"Zhu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nano Today 1"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.22203\/eCM.v004a01","article-title":"Fibroblast and Osteoblast Adhesion and Morphology on Calcium Phosphate Surfaces","volume":"4","author":"Baxter","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur. Cells Mater."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(200002)49:2<155::AID-JBM2>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"Qualitative and quantitative study of human osteoblast adhesion on materials with various surface roughnesses","volume":"49","author":"Anselme","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Mater. Res."},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"315","article-title":"Synthesis of antimicrobial silver nanoparticles through a photomediated reaction in an aqueous environment","volume":"11","author":"Banasiuk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomed."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.1.586","article-title":"Control of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the lung requires the recognition of either lipopolysaccharide or flagellin","volume":"181","author":"Ramphal","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Immunol."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/22\/10\/1681\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T18:46:52Z","timestamp":1760208412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/22\/10\/1681"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,10]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules22101681"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules22101681","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,10]]}}}