{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T19:14:35Z","timestamp":1775762075830,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,12]],"date-time":"2018-01-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1515715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Apothekerstiftung Westfalen-Lippe"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In search for potential therapeutic alternatives to existing treatments for cutaneous Leishmaniasis, we have investigated the effect of Arnica tincture Ph. Eur. (a 70% hydroethanolic tincture prepared from flowerheads of Arnica montana L.) on the lesions caused by infection with Leishmania braziliensis in a model with golden hamsters. The animals were treated topically with a daily single dose of the preparation for 28 days. Subsequently, the healing process was monitored by recording the lesion size in intervals of 15 days up to day 90. As a result, Arnica tincture fully cured three out of five hamsters while one animal showed an improvement and another one suffered from a relapse. This result was slightly better than that obtained with the positive control, meglumine antimonate, which cured two of five hamsters while the other three showed a relapse after 90 days. This result encourages us to further investigate the potential of Arnica tincture in the treatment of cutaneous Leishmaniasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23010150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,15]],"date-time":"2018-01-15T04:01:55Z","timestamp":1515988915000},"page":"150","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Arnica Tincture Cures Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Golden Hamsters"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2752-4931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Robledo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"PECET-School of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Calle 70 # 52-21, 0500100 Medellin, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"V\u00e9lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PECET-School of Medicine, University of Antioquia, Calle 70 # 52-21, 0500100 Medellin, Colombia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2634-9705","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry (IPBP), University of M\u00fcnster, PharmaCampus-Corrensstrasse 48, D-48149 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14118","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules200814118","article-title":"Search for antiprotozoal activity in herbal medicinal preparations; New natural leads against neglected tropical diseases","volume":"20","author":"Kaiser","year":"2015","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2062","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules14062062","article-title":"Quantitative Structure-Antiprotozoal activity relationships of Sesquiterpene Lactones","volume":"14","author":"Schmidt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01263-13","article-title":"In silico prediction and experimental evaluation of furanoheliangolide sesquiterpene lactones as potent agents against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense","volume":"58","author":"Schmidt","year":"2014","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wulsten, I.F., Costa-Silva, T.A., Mesquita, J.T., Lima, M.L., Galuppo, M.K., Taniwaki, N.N., Borborema, S.E.T., Da Costa, F.B., Schmidt, T.J., and Tempone, A.G. (2017). Investigation of the anti-Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum activity of some natural sesquiterpene lactones. Molecules, 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules22050685"},{"key":"ref_5","unstructured":"(2017, December 21). European Medicines Agency-Community Herbal Monograph on Arnica montana L., Flos. Available online: http:\/\/www.ema.europa.eu\/docs\/en_GB\/document_library\/Herbal_-_Community_herbal_monograph\/2014\/07\/WC500170007.pdf."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1021\/bk-1998-0691.ch010","article-title":"Arnica flowers: Pharmacology, toxicology, and analysis of the sesquiterpene lactones\u2014Their main active substances","volume":"Volume 691","author":"Lawson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Phytomedicines of Europe\u2014ACS Symposium Series 691"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2008.00717.x","article-title":"Anti-inflammatory and immune-regulatory mechanisms prevent contact hypersensitivity to Arnica montana L.","volume":"17","author":"Lass","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-8635","article-title":"On the Stability of Sesquiterpene Lactones in the Officinal Arnica Tincture of the German Pharmacopoeia","volume":"66","author":"Schmidt","year":"2000","journal-title":"Planta Med."},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"(2017). Europ\u00e4isches Arzneibuch, Deutscher Apotheker Verlag. [9th ed.]. Amtliche Deutsche Ausgabe."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/23\/1\/150\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T14:50:59Z","timestamp":1760194259000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/23\/1\/150"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,12]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules23010150"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules23010150","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,12]]}}}