{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:20:02Z","timestamp":1787066402136,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,19]],"date-time":"2018-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of curcumin against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury in a mouse model, and to explain the underlying mechanism. Curcumin at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg\/kg\/day were administered orally once daily for seven days prior to CCl4 exposure. At 24 h, curcumin-attenuated CCl4 induced elevated serum transaminase activities and histopathological damage in the mouse\u2019s liver. Curcumin pre-treatment at 50, 100 and 200 mg\/kg significantly ameliorated CCl4-induced oxidative stress, characterized by decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) formations, and increased superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activities and glutathione (GSH) content, followed by a decrease in caspase-9 and -3 activities. Curcumin pre-treatment significantly decreased CCl4-induced inflammation. Furthermore, curcumin pre-treatment significantly down-regulated the expression of TGF-\u03b21 and Smad3 mRNAs (both p &lt; 0.01), and up-regulated the expression of nuclear-factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and HO-1 mRNA (both p &lt; 0.01) in the liver. Inhibition of HO-1 attenuated the protective effect of curcumin on CCl4-induced acute liver injury. Given these outcomes, curcumin could protect against CCl4-induced acute liver injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation, which may partly involve the activation of Nrf2\/HO-1 and inhibition of TGF-\u03b21\/Smad3 pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23010215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,22]],"date-time":"2018-01-22T04:51:13Z","timestamp":1516596673000},"page":"215","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":102,"title":["Curcumin Attenuates on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice via Modulation of the Nrf2\/HO-1 and TGF-\u03b21\/Smad3 Pathway"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Xinyan","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Engineering, Ludong University, 186 Middle Hongqi Road, Yantai 264025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chongshan","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quanwen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Engineering, Ludong University, 186 Middle Hongqi Road, Yantai 264025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junke","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Engineering, Ludong University, 186 Middle Hongqi Road, Yantai 264025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingru","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Food Engineering, Ludong University, 186 Middle Hongqi Road, Yantai 264025, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1489","article-title":"Liver regeneration: From myth to mechanism","volume":"5","author":"Taub","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. 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