{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:42:59Z","timestamp":1790242979171,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,2]],"date-time":"2018-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 81573547"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 81573547"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the project of Tianjin Applied Basic and Cutting-edge Technology Research Program","award":["No. 15JCTPJC60000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 15JCTPJC60000"]}]},{"name":"the project of Tianjin Applied Basic and Cutting-edge Technology Research Program","award":["No. 15JCYBJC29300"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 15JCYBJC29300"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The primary metabolites in aqueous extract of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves were characterized by using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. With the convenience of resonance assignment, GABA together with the other 10 primary metabolites was simultaneously identified and quantified in one 1H-NMR spectrum. In this study, external calibration curves for metabolites were employed to calculate the concentrations of interests. The proposed quantitative approach was demonstrated with good linearity (r2 ranged in the interval of 0.9965\u20130.9999), precision, repeatability, stability (RSD values in the ranges of 0.35\u20134.89%, 0.77\u20137.13% and 0.28\u20132.33%, respectively) and accuracy (recovery rates from 89.2% to 118.5%). The established 1H-NMR method was then successfully applied to quantify 11 primary metabolites in mulberry leaves from different geographical regions within a rapid analysis time and a simple sample preparation procedure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23030554","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,2]],"date-time":"2018-03-02T11:53:40Z","timestamp":1519991620000},"page":"554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Quantitative 1H-NMR Spectroscopy for Profiling Primary Metabolites in Mulberry Leaves"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China"},{"name":"Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Guangzhou 510632, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuying","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Zhongxin Innova Laboratories, Tianjin 300457, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-nan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &amp; Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miaomiao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2472","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jproteome.7b00071","article-title":"Proteomics provides insight into the interaction between mulberry and silkworm","volume":"16","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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