{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:15:52Z","timestamp":1790957752005,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]],"date-time":"2018-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20130959"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20130959"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BK20151004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20151004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81573869"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81573869"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81303295"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81303295"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Project of the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions","award":["PAPD"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PAPD"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The characterization of alkaloids is challenging because of the diversity of structures and the complicated fragmentation of collision induced structural dissociation in mass spectrometry. In this study, we analyzed the alkaloids in Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehderet Wil by high resolution mass spectrometry. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Phenomenex Kinetex C18 (2.1 mm \u00d7 100 mm, 2.6 \u03bcm) column with a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water (0.1% formic acid) under gradient elution. A total of 52 alkaloids were well separated and 45 of them were structurally characterized, including morphinans, aporphines, benzylisoquinolines, and protoberberines. Specially, mass spectrometric study of the morphinan alkaloids were explicitly investigated. Electrostatic potential plot from simulation was calculated for determination of protonation sites. Further fragmentation analysis suggested that the C3H7N, CH4O, and H2O elimination was displayed in MS2 spectrum. These fragmentation pathways are universal for morphinan alkaloids having methoxy substituted cyclohexenone or cyclohexadienone moieties. Additionally, for nitrogen oxides, an ion-neutral complex intermediate is involved in the fragmentation process, generating additional oxygenated ions. All these results provided the universal rules of fragmentation used for detection of alkaloids, and will be expected to be highly useful for comprehensive study of multi-components in the herbal medicine analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23071634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]],"date-time":"2018-07-04T12:23:02Z","timestamp":1530706982000},"page":"1634","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Linear Ion Trap Hybrid OrbitrapMass Spectrometry for Determination of Alkaloids in Sinomeniumacutum"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Jinjun","family":"Shan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cunsi","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjian","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianya","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouchuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5065-6591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjun","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.07.038","article-title":"Recent advances on HPLC\/MS in medicinal plant analysis-An update covering 2011\u20132016","volume":"147","author":"Ganzera","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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A"}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/23\/7\/1634\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T15:11:19Z","timestamp":1760195479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/23\/7\/1634"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules23071634"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules23071634","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,4]]}}}