{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:15:04Z","timestamp":1773706504228,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,19]],"date-time":"2018-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531958400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017R1C1B5015187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017R1C1B5015187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Wan-Do County","award":["2017120B312-00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017120B312-00"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We evaluated the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of hexnane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol, ethanol, and water extracts of the Quercus acuta leaf. The antioxidant properties were evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and total phenolic content. Antibacterial activity was assessed against general infectious pathogens, including antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates. The methanolic extract showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content, while the reducing power was the highest in the water extract. The ethyl acetate extract showed the best antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains. Additionally, it displayed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus KCTC1928, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Salmonella typhimurium KCTC 1925, Escherichia coli KCTC 1923, and eight MRSA strains. These results present basic information for the possible uses of the ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts from Q. acuta leaf in the treatment of diseases that are caused by oxidative imbalance and antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Six active compounds, including vitamin E, which are known to possess antioxidant and antibacterial activity, were identified from the extracts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that reports the chemical profiling and antibacterial effects of the various QA leaf extracts, suggesting their potential use in food therapy or alternative medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules23071772","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,20]],"date-time":"2018-07-20T02:10:11Z","timestamp":1532052611000},"page":"1772","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Analysis of the Active Constituents and Evaluation of the Biological Effects of Quercus acuta Thunb. (Fagaceae) Extracts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Mi-Hyeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dae-Hun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeonnam 58245, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min-Suk","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung-Hui","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyung-Ju","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong-Gyun","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deuk-Sil","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeonnam Forest Resurce research Institue, Naju, Jeonnam 58213, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-Tae","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeollanamdo Wando Arboretum, Wando, Jeonnam 59105, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young-Chang","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyung-Mok","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Dongshin University, Naju, Jeonnam 58245, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3631-7224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Sik","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0997-5723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"In-Soo","family":"Yoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Geumjeong, Busan 46241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1497-0529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung-Sik","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Natural Medicine Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan, Jeonnam 58554, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yoon, I.S., Park, D.H., Bae, M.S., Oh, D.S., Kwon, N.H., Kim, J.E., Choi, C.Y., and Cho, S.S. 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