{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:20:45Z","timestamp":1791548445074,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]],"date-time":"2019-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21776257"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21776257"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nitrogen-doped activated carbon (N-AC) obtained through the thermal treatment of a mixture of HNO3-pretreated activated carbon (AC) and urea under N2 atmosphere at 600 \u00b0C was used as the carrier of Pd catalyst for both liquid-phase hydrodechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and gas-phase hydrodechlorination of chloropentafluoroethane (R-115). The effects of nitrogen doping on the dispersion and stability of Pd, atomic ratio of Pd\/Pd2+ on the surface of the catalyzer, the catalyst\u2019s hydrodechlorination activity, as well as the stability of N species in two different reaction systems were investigated. Our results suggest that, despite no improvement in the dispersion of Pd, nitrogen doping may significantly raise the atomic ratio of Pd\/Pd2+ on the catalyst surface, with a value of 1.2 on Pd\/AC but 2.2 on Pd\/N-AC. Three types of N species, namely graphitic, pyridinic, and pyrrolic nitrogen, were observed on the surface of Pd\/N-AC, and graphitic nitrogen was stable in both liquid-phase hydrodechlorination of 2,4-DCP and gas-phase hydrodechlorination of R-115, with pyridinic and pyrrolic nitrogen being unstable during gas-phase hydrodechlorination of R-115. As a result, the average size of Pd nanocrystals on Pd\/N-AC was almost kept unchanged after liquid-phase hydrodechlorination of 2,4-DCP, whereas crystal growth of Pd was clearly observed on Pd\/N-AC after gas-phase hydrodechlorination of R-115. The activity test revealed that Pd\/N-AC exhibited a much better performance than Pd\/AC in liquid-phase hydrodechlorination of 2,4-DCP, probably due to the enhanced stability of Pd exposed to the environment resulting from nitrogen doping as suggested by the higher atomic ratio of Pd\/Pd2+ on the catalyst surface. In the gas-phase hydrodechlorination of R-115, however, a more rapid deactivation phenomenon occurred on Pd\/N-AC than on Pd\/AC despite a higher activity initially observed on Pd\/N-AC, hinting that the stability of pyridinic and pyrrolic nitrogen plays an important role in the determination of catalytic performance of Pd\/N-AC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24040674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]],"date-time":"2019-02-14T03:21:46Z","timestamp":1550114506000},"page":"674","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Catalytic Performance of Nitrogen-Doped Activated Carbon Supported Pd Catalyst for Hydrodechlorination of 2,4-Dichlorophenol or Chloropentafluoroethane"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Haodong","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 300014, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 300014, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 300014, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinxin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 300014, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 300014, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongjian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Industrial Catalysis, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 300014, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2010.12.016","article-title":"Oxidation of 2,4-dichlorophenol and 3,4-dichlorophenol by means of Fe(III)-homogeneous photocatalysis and algal toxicity assessment of the treated solutions","volume":"45","author":"Andreozzi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Water Res."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1007\/s40242-017-6500-8","article-title":"High selectivity to diphenyl carbonate synthesized via transesterification between dimethyl carbonate and phenol with C60-doped TiO2","volume":"33","author":"Qu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. 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