{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T03:33:37Z","timestamp":1760240017084,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,18]],"date-time":"2019-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National \u201cMajor Science and Technology Project-Prevention and Treatment of AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, and Other Major Infectious Diseases\u201d","award":["Grant #2013ZX10005004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant #2013ZX10005004"]}]},{"name":"Major Project of Science and Technology of Shandong Province","award":["Grant #2018CSJC1411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant #2018CSJC1411"]}]},{"name":"Science &amp; Technology Enterprise Technology Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province","award":["Grant #BC2014172"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant #BC2014172"]}]},{"name":"Small &amp; Medium Enterprise Technology Innovation Project of Lianyungang City","award":["Grant #CK1333"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant #CK1333"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study was aimed to investigate the anti-tumor, anti-metastasis and immunomodulatory effects of Yifei Tongluo (YFTL), a Chinese herbal formula, in Lewis lung carcinoma mice and to explore the underlying mechanisms. LLC cells were inoculated subcutaneously in C57BL\/6 mice to establish the Lewis lung carcinoma model. We observed that YFTL effectively inhibited tumor growth and prolonged the overall survival of tumor-bearing mice. Additionally, YFTL treatment resulted in a significantly decreased number of surface lung metastatic lesions compared with the model control group. Meanwhile, TUNEL staining confirmed that the tumors from YFTL-treated mice exhibited a markedly higher apoptotic index. The results suggest that Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) pathways may be involved in YFTL-induced apoptosis. The results show that YFTL also inhibited the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2, MMP-9, N-cadherin, and Vimentin expression, but increased E-cadherin expression. Mechanistic studies indicated that YFTL could suppress the angiogenesis and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of the tumor through Akt\/ERK1\/2 and TGF\u03b21\/Smad2 pathways. In addition, YFTL also showed immunomodulatory activities in improving the immunosuppressive state of tumor-bearing mice. Therefore, our findings could support the development of YFTL as a potential antineoplastic agent and a potentially useful anti-metastatic agent for lung carcinoma therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24040731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]],"date-time":"2019-02-19T04:08:20Z","timestamp":1550549300000},"page":"731","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Yifei Tongluo, a Chinese Herbal Formula, Suppresses Tumor Growth and Metastasis and Exerts Immunomodulatory Effect in Lewis Lung Carcinoma Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Qiuchen","family":"Qi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanhong","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yueyue","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Siying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8679-3130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongxi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mucosal and Transdermal Drug Delivery Technologies, Shandong Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 989 Xinluo Street, Jinan 250101, Shandong, China"},{"name":"Shandong Engineering &amp; Technology Research Center for Jujube Food and Drug, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1809","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-017-1626-1","article-title":"Feature fusion for lung nodule classification","volume":"12","author":"Farag","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. 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