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Young New Zealand rabbits were instilled with meconium suspension (Mec) and treated by surfactant alone (Surf) or surfactant in combination with i.v. NAC (Surf + NAC) or i.t. rhSOD (Surf + SOD), and oxygen-ventilated for 5 h. Dynamic lung-thorax compliance, mean airway pressure, PaO2\/FiO2 and ventilation efficiency index were evaluated every hour; post mortem, inflammatory and oxidative markers (advanced oxidation protein products, total antioxidant capacity, hydroxynonenal (HNE), p38 mitogen activated protein kinase, caspase 3, thromboxane, endothelin-1 and secretory phospholipase A2) were assessed in pulmonary tissue homogenates. rhSOD addition to surfactant improved significantly, but transiently, gas exchange and reduced levels of inflammatory and oxidative molecules with higher impact; Surf + NAC had stronger effect only on HNE formation, and duration of treatment efficacy in respiratory parameters. In both antioxidants, it seems that targeting reactive oxygen species may be strong supporting factor in surfactant treatment of MAS due to redox sensitivity of many intracellular pathways triggered by meconium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24050905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]],"date-time":"2019-03-05T03:01:23Z","timestamp":1551754883000},"page":"905","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Recombinant Human Superoxide Dismutase and N-Acetylcysteine Addition to Exogenous Surfactant in the Treatment of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3783-0724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana","family":"Kopincova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 03601 Martin, Slovakia"},{"name":"Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 03601 Martin, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maros","family":"Kolomaznik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 03601 Martin, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8485-4748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pavol","family":"Mikolka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 03601 Martin, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1596-3702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petra","family":"Kosutova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 03601 Martin, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliana","family":"Topercerova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 03601 Martin, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"Katarina","family":"Matasova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 03601 Martin, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4113-3005","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Calkovska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 03601 Martin, Slovakia"},{"name":"Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 03601 Martin, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Mokra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 03601 Martin, Slovakia"},{"name":"Biomedical Center Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mala Hora 4C, 03601 Martin, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(17)30214-X","article-title":"The Montreux definition of neonatal ARDS: Biological and clinical background behind the description of a new entity","volume":"5","author":"Tingay","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Respir. 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