{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T14:49:06Z","timestamp":1787496546446,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,22]],"date-time":"2019-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Alberta Canola Producer Commission, Western Grains Research Foundation, Alberta Crop Industry Development Fund","award":["2013F109R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013F109R"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fungi and bacteria cause disease issues in cultivated plants world-wide. In most cases, the fungi and bacteria colonize plant tissues as biofilms, which can be very challenging to destroy or eradicate. In this experiment, we employed a novel (biofilm) approach to crop disease management by evaluating the efficacies of six fungicides, and four silver-based compounds, versus biofilms formed by fungi and bacteria, respectively. The aim was to identify combinations of fungicides and metallic cations that showed potential to improve the control of white mold (WM), caused by the ascomycete fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and to evaluate novel high valency silver compounds as seed coatings to prevent biofilm formation of four bacterial blight pathogens on dry bean seeds. Our results confirmed that mature fungal biofilms were recalcitrant to inactivation by fungicides. When metallic cations were added to the fungicides, their efficacies were improved. Some improvements were statistically significant, with one combination (fluazinam + Cu2+) showing a synergistic effect. Additionally, coatings with silver compounds could reduce bacterial blight biofilms on dry bean seeds and oxysilver nitrate was the most potent inhibitor of bacterial blight.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24122312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]],"date-time":"2019-06-24T02:37:40Z","timestamp":1561343860000},"page":"2312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Improved Methods for Treatment of Phytopathogenic Biofilms: Metallic Compounds as Anti-Bacterial Coatings and Fungicide Tank-Mix Partners"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9322-1894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Harding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Crop Diversification Centre South, 301 Horticulture Station Road East, Brooks, AB T1R 1E6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Nadworny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovotech, Inc., Suite L131, 2011-94 Street, Edmonton, AB T6N 1H1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenton","family":"Buziak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovotech, Inc., Suite L131, 2011-94 Street, Edmonton, AB T6N 1H1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amin","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Innovotech, Inc., Suite L131, 2011-94 Street, Edmonton, AB T6N 1H1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greg","family":"Daniels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Crop Diversification Centre South, 301 Horticulture Station Road East, Brooks, AB T1R 1E6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Alberta Plant Health Lab, 17507 Fort Road NW, Edmonton, AB T5Y 6H3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.micro.56.012302.160705","article-title":"Biofilms as complex differentiated communities","volume":"56","author":"Stoodley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annu. 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