{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T19:57:42Z","timestamp":1788638262238,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,22]],"date-time":"2019-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Helicteres velutina K. Schum (Sterculiaceae), a member of Malvaceae sensu lato, is a Brazilian endemic plant that has been used by the indigenous tribe Pankarare as an insect repellent. A previous study has reported the isolation of terpenoids, flavonoids and pheophytins, in addition to the larvicidal activity of crude H. velutina extracts derived from the aerial components (leaves, branches\/twigs, and flowers). The present study reports the biomonitoring of the effects of fractions and isolated compounds derived from H. velutina against A. aegypti fourth instar larvae. A crude ethanol extract was submitted to liquid\u2013liquid extraction with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol to obtain their respective fractions. Larvicidal evaluations of the fractions were performed, and the hexane and dichloromethane fractions exhibited greater activities than the other fractions, with LC50 (50% lethal concentration) values of 3.88 and 5.80 mg\/mL, respectively. The phytochemical study of these fractions resulted in the isolation and identification of 17 compounds. The molecules were subjected to a virtual screening protocol, and five molecules presented potential larvicidal activity after analyses of their applicability domains. When molecular docking was analysed, only three of these compounds showed an ability to bind with sterol carrier protein-2 (1PZ4), a protein found in the larval intestine. The compounds tiliroside and 7,4\u2032-di-O-methyl-8-O-sulphate flavone showed in vitro larvicidal activity, with LC50 values of 0.275 mg\/mL after 72 h and 0.182 mg\/mL after 24 h of exposure, respectively. This is the first study to demonstrate the larvicidal activity of sulphated flavonoids against A. aegypti. Our results showed that the presence of the OSO3H group attached to C-8 of the flavonoid was crucial to the larvicidal activity. This research supports the traditional use of H. velutina as an alternative insecticide for the control of A. aegypti, which is a vector for severe arboviruses, such as dengue and chikungunya.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24122315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,24]],"date-time":"2019-06-24T02:37:40Z","timestamp":1561343860000},"page":"2315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Larvicidal Compounds Extracted from Helicteres velutina K. Schum (Sterculiaceae) Evaluated against Aedes aegypti L."],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6120-761X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Di\u00e9gina","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Post graduation Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Research Institute for Drugs and Medicines (IPeFarM), Federal University of Para\u00edba, 58051-900 Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post graduation Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Research Institute for Drugs and Medicines (IPeFarM), Federal University of Para\u00edba, 58051-900 Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9409-3727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanna","family":"Teles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry and Physics, Agrarian Sciences Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba, 58397-000 Areia, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba, 58051-900 Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00e9ssica","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post graduation Program in Plant Biodiversity, Department of Education, University of the State of Bahia, 41150-000 Paulo Afonso, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4863-8057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus","family":"Scotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post graduation Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Research Institute for Drugs and Medicines (IPeFarM), Federal University of Para\u00edba, 58051-900 Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fab\u00edola","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Para\u00edba, 58051-900 Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adilva","family":"Concei\u00e7\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post graduation Program in Plant Biodiversity, Department of Education, University of the State of Bahia, 41150-000 Paulo Afonso, BA, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9936-7130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Vanderlei de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post graduation Program in Bioactive Natural and Synthetic Products, Research Institute for Drugs and Medicines (IPeFarM), Federal University of Para\u00edba, 58051-900 Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, PB, Brazil"},{"name":"Post graduation in Development and Technological Innovation in Medicines, Research Institute for Drugs and Medicines (IPeFarM), Federal University of Para\u00edba, 58051-900 Jo\u00e3o Pessoa, PB, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Botas, G.S., Cruz, R.A.S., Almeida, F.B., Duarte, J.L., Ara\u00fajo, R.S., Souto, R.N.P., Ferreira, R., Carvalho, J.C.T., Santos, M.G., and Rocha, L. 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