{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T20:16:02Z","timestamp":1789071362773,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]],"date-time":"2019-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universidad Central del Ecuador (Direcci\u00f3n General de Investigaci\u00f3n y Proyectos-DGIP, project #6);","award":["project #6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["project #6"]}]},{"name":"Universidad UTE","award":["xx"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["xx"]}]},{"name":"Universidad las Am\u00e9ricas","award":["xx"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["xx"]}]},{"name":"SENPLADES","award":["9175.0000.0000.377784 and 91750000.0000.375239"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["9175.0000.0000.377784 and 91750000.0000.375239"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Our main interest is the characterization of compounds to support the development of alternatives to currently marketed drugs that are losing effectiveness due to the development of resistance. Schiff bases are promising biologically interesting compounds having a wide range of pharmaceutical properties, including anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antimicrobial activities, among others. In this work, we have synthesized 12 Schiff base derivatives of 4-aminoantipyrine. In vitro antimicrobial, antioxidant, and cytotoxicity properties are analyzed, as well as in silico predictive adsorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) and bioactivity scores. Results identify two potential Schiff bases: one effective against E. faecalis and the other with antioxidant activity. Both have reasonable ADME scores and provides a scaffold for developing more effective compounds in the future. Initial studies are usually limited to laboratory in vitro approaches, and following these initial studies, much research is needed before a drug can reach the clinic. Nevertheless, these laboratory approaches are mandatory and constitute a first filter to discriminate among potential drug candidates and chemical compounds that should be discarded.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24152696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]],"date-time":"2019-07-24T10:48:19Z","timestamp":1563965299000},"page":"2696","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Characterization of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Leishmanicidal Activities of Schiff Base Derivatives of 4-Aminoantipyrine"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Rommy","family":"Teran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rommel","family":"Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica y Zoonosis-CIZ, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Mora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lizeth","family":"Dobronski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Traslacional, Universidad De Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170503, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olalla","family":"Barreiro-Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Traslacional, Universidad De Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170503, Ecuador"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timo","family":"Beske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica y Zoonosis-CIZ, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"P\u00e9rez-Barrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica y Zoonosis-CIZ, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5082-9146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramiro","family":"Araya-Maturana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Qu\u00edmica de Recursos Naturales, Programa de Investigaci\u00f3n Asociativa en C\u00e1ncer G\u00e1strico (PIA-CG), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricio","family":"Rojas-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Traslacional, Universidad De Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170503, Ecuador"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1505-1372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Poveda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias Qu\u00edmicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Salud P\u00fablica y Zoonosis-CIZ, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Heredia-Moya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Traslacional, Universidad De Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170503, Ecuador"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1111\/jvp.12061","article-title":"The consequences of generic marketing on antibiotic consumption and the spread of microbial resistance: The need for new antibiotics","volume":"36","author":"Toutain","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. 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