{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T22:43:35Z","timestamp":1780526615118,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010743","name":"Nanjing Forestry University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["163020115"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["163020115"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010743","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jiangsu Science and Technology Plan Project","award":["SBK2019044425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SBK2019044425"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSFC2191101196"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSFC2191101196"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There have been developments in the optimization of polyethersulfone (PES) membranes, to provide antifouling and mechanically stable surfaces which are vital to water purification applications. There is a variety of approaches to prepare nanocomposite PES membranes. However, an optimized condition for making such membranes is in high demand. Using experimental design and statistical analysis (one-half fractional factorial design), this study investigates the effect of different parameters featured in the fabrication of membranes, as well as on the performance of a nanocomposite PES\/TiO2 membrane. The optimized parameters obtained in this study are: exposure time of 60 s, immersion time above 10 h, glycerol time of 4 h, and a nonsolvent volumetric ratio (isopropanol\/water) of 30\/70 for PES and dimethylacetamide (PES-DMAc) membrane and 70\/30 for PES and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (PES-NMP) membrane. A comparison of the contributory factors for different templating agents along with a nanocomposite membrane control revealed that F127 triblock copolymer resulted in an excellent antifouling membrane with a higher bovine serum albumin rejection and flux recovery of 83.33%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24162924","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,13]],"date-time":"2019-08-13T04:31:21Z","timestamp":1565670681000},"page":"2924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["ANOVA Design for the Optimization of TiO2 Coating on Polyether Sulfone Membranes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6940-5047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasin","family":"Orooji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ehsan","family":"Ghasali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nahid","family":"Emami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 73441-81746, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Noorisafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 73441-81746, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Razmjou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 73441-81746, Iran"},{"name":"UNESCO Centre for Membrane Science and Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhai, Y., Wang, J., Wang, H., Song, T., Hu, W., and Li, S. 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