{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:29:50Z","timestamp":1791246590030,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,3]],"date-time":"2019-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006013","name":"United Arab Emirates University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31M122; 31R087"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31M122; 31R087"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Oman Research Council (TRC) Open Research","award":["ORG\/CBS\/12\/004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ORG\/CBS\/12\/004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study systematically analyzed the anticancer potential of Acridocarpus orientalis (AO), a traditional medicinal plant of the Arabian Peninsula\/East Africa known for its anti-inflammatory and pain relief properties. Tests of serial organic fractions from methanolic extracts of its leaves and stems revealed that only some fractions showed anti-proliferative potential with the dichloromethane fraction from leaves (AOD (L)) showing the most cytotoxic effect against both breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and cervical (HeLa) cancer cell lines. The n-butanol fraction from the stems (AOB (S)), on the other hand, was more effective against cervical cancer cells and did not harm the normal cells. Further characterization of the mode of cell killing revealed that AOD (L) depended more on non-apoptotic pathways for its cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells, while it could activate some apoptosis and necroptosis in HeLa cells. The AOB (S) fraction could primarily activate apoptosis and some necroptosis in HeLa cells. Both fractions perturbed autophagy, but in a dissimilar manner. Thus, different parts of A. orientalis revealed variable potential to induce cell death in cancer cells via apoptotic and non-apoptotic pathways, making A. orientalis a valuable plant for the exploration of anticancer bioactive reagents, some of which may be protective for normal cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24213976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]],"date-time":"2019-11-04T04:13:08Z","timestamp":1572840788000},"page":"3976","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Differential Cytotoxic Potential of Acridocarpus orientalis Leaf and Stem Extracts with the Ability to Induce Multiple Cell Death Pathways"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Sameera Omar Mohammed Saeed","family":"Balhamar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neena Gopinathan","family":"Panicker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaima","family":"Akhlaq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Mansoor","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0474-6558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Waqar","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1563-225X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Najeeb Ur","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman, Nizwa, Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0045-5294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liaqat","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman, Nizwa, Oman"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sub-Campus Mianwali, Punjab 42200, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Al-Harrasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman, Nizwa, Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javid","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences &amp; Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, Sultanate of Oman"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1081-3756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farah","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine &amp; Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates (UAE) University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Feulner, G.R., Boer, B., and Western, A.R. (2003). The Comprehensive Guide to the Wildflowers of the United Arab Emirates, Environmental Research and Wildlife Development Agency."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Winbow, C. (2008). The Native Plants of Oman: An introduction, The Environment Society of Oman, Oman Printers and Stationers."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Hellyer, P., and Aspinall, S. (2005). The Emirates: A Natural History, Trident Press Limited."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghazanfar, S., and Fisher, M. (1998). 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