{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T23:51:24Z","timestamp":1792713084528,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,13]],"date-time":"2019-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Scorpion has long been used in traditional Chinese medicine, because whole scorpion body extract has anti-cancer, analgesic, anti-thrombotic blood anti-coagulation, immune modulating, anti-epileptic, and other functions. The purpose of this study was to find an efficient extraction method and investigate some of physical and chemical parameters, like water solubility, emulsification, foaming properties, and oil-holding capacity of obtained scorpion proteins. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for the determination of optimal parameters of ultrasonic extraction (UE). Based on single factor experiments, three factors (ultrasonic power (w), liquid\/solid (mL\/g) ratio, and extraction time (min)) were used for the determination of scorpion proteins (SPs). The order of the effects of the three factors on the protein content and yield were ultrasonic power &gt; extraction time &gt; liquid\/solid ratio, and the optimum conditions of extraction proteins were as follows: extraction time = 50.00 min, ultrasonic power = 400.00 w, and liquid\/solid ratio = 18.00 mL\/g. For the optimal conditions, the protein content of the ultrasonic extraction and yield were 78.94% and 24.80%, respectively. The solubility, emulsification and foaming properties, and water and oil holding capacity of scorpion proteins were investigated. The results of this study suggest that scorpion proteins can be considered as an important ingredient and raw material for the creation of water-soluble supramolecular complexes for drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24224103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]],"date-time":"2019-11-14T10:56:34Z","timestamp":1573728994000},"page":"4103","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Optimization of Scorpion Protein Extraction and Characterization of the Proteins\u2019 Functional Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Ahmidin","family":"Wali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100039, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atikan","family":"Wubulikasimu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100039, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharafitdin","family":"Mirzaakhmedov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhua","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adil","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100039, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amina","family":"Arken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100039, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abulimiti","family":"Yili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4652-6879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haji Akber","family":"Aisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Chemistry in Arid Regions, Xinjiang Technical, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.2174\/092986609788923329","article-title":"Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom and toxins: An overview","volume":"16","author":"Cologna","year":"2009","journal-title":"Protein Pept. 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