{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T06:54:28Z","timestamp":1773384868014,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]],"date-time":"2020-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Nature Science Foundation of China","award":["81274049"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81274049"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2018MH040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2018MH040"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shandong Science and Technology Research Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine","award":["2015227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015227"]}]},{"name":"Staring Foundation for Doctorate Research of Weifang medical university","award":["2017BSQD50"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017BSQD50"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hyperglycemia is a strong risk factor for chronic complications of diabetes. Hyperglycemic conditions foster not only the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but also the consumption of antioxidants, leading to oxidative stress and promoting the occurrence and progression of complications. During our continuous search for antioxidant constituents from the pericarp of Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem, we isolated two previously unreported apotirucallane-type triterpenoids, toonasinensin A (1) and toonasinensin B (2), together with five known apotirucallane-type triterpenoids (3\u20137) and two known cycloartane-type triterpenoids (8\u20139) from the pericarp. Compounds 8\u20139 were obtained from T. sinensis for the first time. Their structures were characterized based on interpretation of spectroscopic data (1D, 2D NMR, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra, HR-ESI-MS) and comparison to previous reports. Compounds (2, 4, 6, 7, and 9) were able to inhibit proliferation against rat glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) cultured under high-glucose conditions within a concentration of 80 \u03bcM. Compounds (2, 6, and 7) were tested for antioxidant activity attributable to superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and ROS in vitro, and the results showed that compounds (2, 6, and 7) could significantly increase the levels of SOD and reduce the levels of MDA and ROS. The current studies showed that apotirucallane-type triterpenoids (2, 6, and 7) might have the antioxidant effects against diabetic nephropathy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25040801","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T05:44:12Z","timestamp":1582695852000},"page":"801","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Two New Apotirucallane-Type Triterpenoids from the Pericarp of Toona sinensis and Their Ability to Reduce Oxidative Stress in Rat Glomerular Mesangial Cells Cultured under High-Glucose Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Di","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rong-shen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu-lu","family":"Xuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-hong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wan-zhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong Province, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"6038","article-title":"Protective Effect and Mechanism of Schisandra Chinensis Ethanol Extract on Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Nephropathy Mice","volume":"50","author":"Dong","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chin. 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