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L1 and L2, containing, respectively, two and three maltol units spaced by a diamine fragment, were designed to evaluate how biological and binding features are affected by structural modifications of the parent compound malten. The acid-base behavior and the binding properties towards transition, alkaline-earth (AE) and rare-earth (RE) cations in aqueous solution, studied by potentiometric, UV-Vis and NMR analysis, are reported along with biological studies on DNA and leukemia cells. Both ligands form stable complexes with Cu(II), Zn(II) and Co(II) that were studied as metallo-receptors for AE and RE at neutral pH. L1 complexes are more affected than L2 ones by hard cations, the L1-Cu(II) system being deeply affected by RE. The structural modifications altered the mechanism of action: L1 partially maintains the ability to induce structural alterations of DNA, while L2 provokes single strand (nicks) and to a lesser extent double strand breaks of DNA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25040943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,26]],"date-time":"2020-02-26T05:44:12Z","timestamp":1582695852000},"page":"943","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Playing with Structural Parameters: Synthesis and Characterization of Two New Maltol-Based Ligands with Binding and Antineoplastic Properties"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0251-901X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleonora","family":"Macedi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino \u201cCarlo Bo\u201d, via della Stazione 4, 61029 Urbino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4598-5117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Paderni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino \u201cCarlo Bo\u201d, via della Stazione 4, 61029 Urbino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2087-4624","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mauro","family":"Formica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino \u201cCarlo Bo\u201d, via della Stazione 4, 61029 Urbino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0402-1293","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca","family":"Conti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry \u201cUgo Schiff\u201d, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mirco","family":"Fanelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Molecular Pathology Laboratory \u201cPaoLa\u201d, University of Urbino \u201cCarlo Bo\u201d, via Arco d\u2019Augusto 2, 61032 Fano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Giorgi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino \u201cCarlo Bo\u201d, via della Stazione 4, 61029 Urbino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Amatori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Molecular Pathology Laboratory \u201cPaoLa\u201d, University of Urbino \u201cCarlo Bo\u201d, via Arco d\u2019Augusto 2, 61032 Fano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Ambrosi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino \u201cCarlo Bo\u201d, via della Stazione 4, 61029 Urbino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Valtancoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry \u201cUgo Schiff\u201d, University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vieri","family":"Fusi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Urbino \u201cCarlo Bo\u201d, via della Stazione 4, 61029 Urbino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2019, August 16). 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