{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T14:14:49Z","timestamp":1772115289019,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]],"date-time":"2020-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["200020_182000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["200020_182000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The syntheses of 4,4\u2032-bis(4-dimethylaminophenyl)-6,6\u2032-dimethyl-2,2\u2032-bipyridine (1), 4,4\u2032-bis(4-dimethylaminophenylethynyl)-6,6\u2032-dimethyl-2,2\u2032-bipyridine (2), 4,4\u2032-bis(4-diphenylaminophenyl)-6,6\u2032-dimethyl-2,2\u2032-bipyridine (3), and 4,4\u2032-bis(4-diphenylaminophenylethynyl)-6,6\u2032-dimethyl-2,2\u2032-bipyridine (4) are reported along with the preparations and characterisations of their homoleptic copper(I) complexes [CuL2][PF6] (L = 1\u20134). The solution absorption spectra of the complexes exhibit ligand-centred absorptions in addition to absorptions in the visible region assigned to a combination of intra-ligand and metal-to-ligand charge-transfer. Heteroleptic [Cu(5)(Lancillary)]+ dyes in which 5 is the anchoring ligand ((6,6\u2032-dimethyl-[2,2\u2032-bipyridine]-4,4\u2032-diyl)bis(4,1-phenylene))bis(phosphonic acid) and Lancillary = 1\u20134 have been assembled on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)-TiO2 electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). Performance parameters and external quantum efficiency (EQE) spectra of the DSCs (four fully-masked cells for each dye) reveal that the best performing dyes are [Cu(5)(1)]+ and [Cu(5)(3)]+. The alkynyl spacers are not beneficial, leading to a decrease in the short-circuit current density (JSC), confirmed by lower values of EQEmax. Addition of a co-absorbent (n-decylphosphonic acid) to [Cu(5)(1)]+ lead to no significant enhancement of performance for DSCs sensitized with [Cu(5)(1)]+. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been used to investigate the interfaces in DSCs; the analysis shows that more favourable electron injection into TiO2 is observed for sensitizers without the alkynyl spacer and confirms higher JSC values for [Cu(5)(1)]+.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25071528","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]],"date-time":"2020-04-03T05:55:16Z","timestamp":1585893316000},"page":"1528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Are Alkynyl Spacers in Ancillary Ligands in Heteroleptic Bis(diimine)copper(I) Dyes Beneficial for Dye Performance in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6406-5984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guglielmo","family":"Risi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4833-1418","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariia","family":"Becker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8074-0089","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine E.","family":"Housecroft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4916-4041","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edwin C.","family":"Constable","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, BPR 1096, Mattenstrasse 24a, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1038\/353737a0","article-title":"A low-cost, high-efficiency solar cell based on dye-sensitized colloidal TiO2 films","volume":"353","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.solener.2011.01.018","article-title":"Dye-sensitized solar cells. 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