{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T04:09:37Z","timestamp":1781842177080,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"American Heart Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["15SDG25880000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15SDG25880000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"American Heart Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16PRE27350003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16PRE27350003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1R15HL127596"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R15HL127596"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Drug-coated balloons (DCBs), which deliver anti-proliferative drugs with the aid of excipients, have emerged as a new endovascular therapy for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease. In this study, we evaluated the use of keratose (KOS) as a novel DCB-coating excipient to deliver and retain paclitaxel. Methods: A custom coating method was developed to deposit KOS and paclitaxel on uncoated angioplasty balloons. The retention of the KOS-paclitaxel coating, in comparison to a commercially available DCB, was evaluated using a novel vascular-motion simulating ex vivo flow model at 1 h and 3 days. Additionally, the locoregional biological response of the KOS-paclitaxel coating was evaluated in a rabbit ilio-femoral injury model at 14 days. Results: The KOS coating exhibited greater retention of the paclitaxel at 3 days under pulsatile conditions with vascular motion as compared to the commercially available DCB (14.89 \u00b1 4.12 ng\/mg vs. 0.60 \u00b1 0.26 ng\/mg, p = 0.018). Histological analysis of the KOS\u2013paclitaxel-treated arteries demonstrated a significant reduction in neointimal thickness as compared to the uncoated balloons, KOS-only balloon and paclitaxel-only balloon. Conclusions: The ability to enhance drug delivery and retention in targeted arterial segments can ultimately improve clinical peripheral endovascular outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25071596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,3]],"date-time":"2020-04-03T05:55:16Z","timestamp":1585893316000},"page":"1596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Pre-Clinical Investigation of Keratose as an Excipient of Drug Coated Balloons"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Emily","family":"Goel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7014-0856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan","family":"Erwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9120-5479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire V.","family":"Cawthon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carson","family":"Schaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathaniel","family":"Fedor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trevor","family":"Rayl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Onree","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Christians","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado; Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Register","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randolph L.","family":"Geary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Saul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical, Paper and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, OH 45056, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9719-6382","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saami K.","family":"Yazdani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2013.05.022","article-title":"The LEVANT I (Lutonix paclitaxel-coated balloon for the prevention of femoropopliteal restenosis) trial for femoropopliteal revascularization: First-in-human randomized trial of low-dose drug-coated balloon versus uncoated balloon angioplasty","volume":"7","author":"Scheinert","year":"2014","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. 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