{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T14:14:47Z","timestamp":1772115287762,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,7]],"date-time":"2020-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>An asymmetrical, push\u2013pull phthalocyanine bearing bulky tert-butylcarbazolyl moieties as electron donor and carboxylic acid as anchoring group was synthetized and tested as a photosensitizer in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). The new photosensitizer was characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, UV\u2013Vis and mass spectrometry. The bulky tert-butylcarbazolyl moieties avoid the aggregation of the phthalocyanine dye. DFT studies indicate that the HOMO is delocalized throughout the -electron system of the substituted phthalocyanine and the LUMO is located on the core of the molecule with a sizable electron density distribution on carboxyl groups. The new dye has been used as a photosensitizer in transparent and opaque dye-sensitized solar cells, which exhibit poor efficiencies related to a low Jsc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25071692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]],"date-time":"2020-04-10T05:31:16Z","timestamp":1586496676000},"page":"1692","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Push\u2013Pull Zinc Phthalocyanine Bearing Hexa-Tertiary Substituted Carbazolyl Donor Groups for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0069-085X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Basma","family":"Ghazal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, Safat 13060, Kuwait"},{"name":"Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kobra","family":"Azizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Qu\u00edmica Org\u00e1nica, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ewies F.","family":"Ewies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed S. A.","family":"Youssef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, P.O. 11566, Cairo, Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valid Mwatati","family":"Mwalukuku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEA-Univ. Grenoble Alpes-CNRS, IRIG, SyMMES, 38000 Grenoble, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renaud","family":"Demadrille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CEA-Univ. 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