{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:40:07Z","timestamp":1790959207693,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,16]],"date-time":"2020-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007771","name":"\u015al\u0105ski Uniwersytet Medyczny","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. KNW-1-034\/N\/9\/O \u201cStudies on the development of semi-solid and liquid dosage forms with model protein-peptide substances\u201d"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. KNW-1-034\/N\/9\/O \u201cStudies on the development of semi-solid and liquid dosage forms with model protein-peptide substances\u201d"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007771","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Corticotropin (ACTH, previously an adrenocorticotropic hormone) is used in the diagnosis and treatment of pituitary gland disorders, adrenal cortex disorders, and other diseases, including autoimmune polymyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn\u2019s disease, and ulcerative colitis. So far, the ointment dosage form containing ACTH for use on the skin is unknown. Therefore, it seems appropriate to develop a semi-solid formulation with corticotropin. Emulsion ointments were prepared using an Unguator based on the cream base Lekobaza\u00ae containing corticotropin in different concentrations, and then the physical and chemical parameters of the ointment formulations, such as pH, spreadability, rheological properties, and texture analysis, were evaluated. In addition, a USP apparatus 2 with enhancer cells was utilized to study the in vitro drug release characteristics of the selected formulations. All the ointments obtained were characterized by good spreadability and viscosity. An analysis of the ointment texture was performed and the dependence of the tested parameters on the ACTH content in the ointment was demonstrated. Examination of the structure of the ointment showed that a high concentration of ACTH increases the hardness and adhesiveness of the ointment. In turn, it adversely affects the cohesiveness and elasticity of the ointments tested. The results of the release study showed that ACTH is released the fastest from the formulation with the lowest concentration, while the slowest from the ointment with the highest concentration of ACTH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25081824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,16]],"date-time":"2020-04-16T13:01:39Z","timestamp":1587042099000},"page":"1824","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Development and Study of Semi-Solid Preparations Containing the Model Substance Corticotropin (ACTH): Convenience Application in Neurodegenerative Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8025-8225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wioletta","family":"Siemiradzka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Doli\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"},{"name":"\u201cBiochefa\u201d Pharmaceutical Research and Production Plant, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Ryszka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cBiochefa\u201d Pharmaceutical Research and Production Plant, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.3109\/10717544.2014.935532","article-title":"Permeation enhancer strategies in transdermal drug delivery","volume":"23","author":"Marwah","year":"2016","journal-title":"Drug Deliv."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20780","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules191220780","article-title":"Prodrug strategies for enhancing the percutaneous absorption of drugs","volume":"19","year":"2014","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/srt.12424","article-title":"The relationship between skin function, barrier properties, and body-dependent factors","volume":"24","author":"Spano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Skin Res. 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