{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T16:15:17Z","timestamp":1789748117582,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]],"date-time":"2020-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grants-in-aid for Scientific Research of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","award":["16H03041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16H03041"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Most cell-based and animal experiments have shown that green tea catechins (GTC) exhibit various health benefits. In human experimental and epidemiological studies, there are conflicting results, and more precise investigations are required. One of the most effective ways to prove beneficial health effects in humans might be clinical intervention studies. Polyphenon\u00aeE was developed as a standardized GTC preparation, which was approved by Food and Drug Administration of US in 2006 as a medication to treat genital warts (Veregen\u00ae or sinecatechins). Positive efficacy of Polyphenon\u00aeE\/sinecatechins\/Veregen\u00ae (PSV) on anogenital warts has been demonstrated in several epidemiological studies and there have been several case reports to show the clinical effectiveness of PSV. In addition, several studies have provided evidence to suggest that PSV is effective in other human papillomavirus (HPV)-related diseases, although some studies failed to show such effects. Since (\u2212)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is the major component of PSV, the mechanism of the action of PSV might be deduced from that of EGCG. The microarray analysis of the biopsy samples from the patients suggested that apoptosis induction and the downregulation of inflammation are involved in the mechanism of the action of PSV in the clearance of anogenital warts. Cell-based and animal experiments using PSV also demonstrated effects similar to those elicited by EGCG, explaining how PSV works to induce apoptosis and exert anti-inflammatory actions in HPV-related diseases. Future studies would clarify what kinds of diseases respond effectively to PSV, showing health benefits of GTC and EGCG in humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25112588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]],"date-time":"2020-06-03T04:12:09Z","timestamp":1591157529000},"page":"2588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Applications of a Standardized Green Tea Catechin Preparation for Viral Warts and Human Papilloma Virus-Related and Unrelated Cancers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4233-4282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Miyoshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Integrated Pharmaceutical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Tanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Nayoro City University, Nayoro, Hokkaido 096-8641, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takuji","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Saeki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regenerative Medicine iPS Gateway Center Co., Ltd., Tokyo 150-0012, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukihiko","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tea Solutions, Hara Office Inc., Tokyo 130-0012, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2011.03.018","article-title":"Tea catechins and their applications as supplements and pharmaceutics","volume":"64","author":"Hara","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacol. 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