{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T07:09:52Z","timestamp":1789542592782,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Royal Society Research Grant","award":["RG160395"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RG160395"]}]},{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM) masters project funds","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]},{"name":"Natural History Museum Life Sciences Department Investment Funds (DIF)","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]},{"name":"University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc. for the Schistosomiasis Consortium for Operational Research and Evaluation (SCORE) projects (https:\/\/score.uga.edu) awarded bUniversity of Georgia Research Foundation Inc. for the Schistosomiasis Consortium f","award":["Prime award: 50816\/ sub-award: RR-374-053\/4893206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Prime award: 50816\/ sub-award: RR-374-053\/4893206"]}]},{"name":"PRIMA award from the Swiss National Science Foundation","award":["PR00P3_179753"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PR00P3_179753"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Accurate diagnosis of urogenital schistosomiasis is crucial for disease surveillance and control. Routine diagnostic methods, however, lack sensitivity when assessing patients with low levels of infection still able to maintain pathogen transmission. Therefore, there is a need for highly sensitive diagnostic tools that can be used at the point-of-care in endemic areas. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a rapid and sensitive diagnostic tool that has been used to diagnose several pathogens at the point-of-care. Here, the analytical performance of a previously developed RPA assay (RT-ShDra1-RPA) targeting the Schistosoma haematobium Dra1 genomic region was assessed using commercially synthesised S. haematobium Dra1 copies and laboratory-prepared samples spiked with S. haematobium eggs. Clinical performance was also assessed by comparing diagnostic outcomes with that of a reference diagnostic standard, urine-egg microscopy. The RT-ShDra1-RPA was able to detect 1 \u00d7 101 copies of commercially synthesised Dra1 DNA as well as one S. haematobium egg within laboratory-spiked ddH2O samples. When compared with urine-egg microscopy, the overall sensitivity and specificity of the RT-ShDra1-RPA assay was 93.7% (\u00b188.7\u201396.9) and 100% (\u00b169.1\u2013100), respectively. Positive and negative predictive values were 100% (\u00b197.5\u2013100) and 50% (\u00b127.2\u201372.8), respectively. The RT-ShDra1-RPA therefore shows promise as a rapid and highly sensitive diagnostic tool able to diagnose urogenital schistosomiasis at the point-of-care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25184175","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,13]],"date-time":"2020-09-13T22:01:01Z","timestamp":1600034461000},"page":"4175","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Analytical and Clinical Assessment of a Portable, Isothermal Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA) Assay for the Molecular Diagnosis of Urogenital Schistosomiasis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Archer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK"},{"name":"London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), London W21 PG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Barksby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4898-462X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom","family":"Pennance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK"},{"name":"London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), London W21 PG, UK"},{"name":"School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Penelope","family":"Rostron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faki","family":"Bakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory\u2014Ivo de Carneri, P.O. Box 122, Chake-Chake, Pemba, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Knopp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK"},{"name":"London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), London W21 PG, UK"},{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, 4002 Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, 4003 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona","family":"Allan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK"},{"name":"London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), London W21 PG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Kabole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zanzibar Neglected Diseases Programme, Ministry of Health, P.O. Box 236, Zanzibar Town, Unguja, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Said M.","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory\u2014Ivo de Carneri, P.O. Box 122, Chake-Chake, Pemba, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaali M.","family":"Ame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Laboratory\u2014Ivo de Carneri, P.O. Box 122, Chake-Chake, Pemba, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1999-1716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Rollinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK"},{"name":"London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), London W21 PG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0930-9314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bonnie L.","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Wellcome Biomedical Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK"},{"name":"London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research (LCNTDR), London W21 PG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)61949-2","article-title":"Human schistosomiasis","volume":"383","author":"Colley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Moving from control to elimination of schistosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa: Time to change and adapt strategies","volume":"6","author":"Tchuem","year":"2017","journal-title":"Infect. 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