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(Iris pallida, Iris hungarica, Iris sibirica, and Iris variegata) were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using HPLC-DAD and UPLC-MS\/MS. Gallic acid, caffeic acid, mangiferin, tectoridin, irigenin, iristectorigenin B, irisolidone, 5,6-dihydroxy-7,8,3\u2032,5\u2032-tetramethoxyisoflavone, irisolidone-7-O-\u03b2-d-glucopyranoside, germanaism B, and nigricin were recognized by comparing their UV\/MS spectra, chromatographic retention time (tR) with those of standard reference compounds. I. hungarica and I. variegata showed the highest total amount of phenolic compounds. Germanaism B was the most abundant component in the rhizomes of I. variegata (7.089 \u00b1 0.032 mg\/g) and I. hungarica (6.285 \u00b1 0.030 mg\/g). The compound analyses showed good calibration curve linearity (r2 &gt; 0.999) and low detection and quantifications limit. These results validated the method for its use in the simultaneous quantitative evaluation of phenolic compounds in the studied Iris sp. I. hungarica and I. variegata rhizomes exhibited antioxidant activity, as demonstrated by the HPLC-ABTS system and NRF2 expression assay and anti-inflammatory activity on respiratory burst in human neutrophils. Moreover, the extracts showed anti-allergic and cytotoxic effects against cancer cells. Anti-coronavirus 229E and lipid formation activities were also evaluated. In summary, potent antioxidant marker compounds were identified in the examined Iris sp.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25194588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]],"date-time":"2020-10-08T10:22:25Z","timestamp":1602152545000},"page":"4588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Ukrainian Iris Species: A Fresh Look on Their Antioxidant Content and Biological Activities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3822-8409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olha","family":"Mykhailenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National University of Pharmacy, 4-Valentinivska st., 61168 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8988-8610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"Korinek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liudas","family":"Ivanauskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevi\u010diaus g. 9, LT 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1212-1649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Bezruk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National University of Pharmacy, 4-Valentinivska st., 61168 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Artem","family":"Myhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National University of Pharmacy, 4-Valentinivska st., 61168 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4106-5535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vilma","family":"Petrikait\u0117","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Drug Targets Histopathology, Institute of Cardiology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukil\u0117li\u0173 pr. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania"},{"name":"Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickeviciaus g. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"},{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Saul\u0117tekio al. 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"El-Shazly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, the German University in Cairo, Cairo 11835, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, African Union Organization Street, Abbassia, Cairo 11566, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guan-Hua","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Yi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6939-5528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia-Hung","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing-Hung","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"},{"name":"The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8794-8010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoriya","family":"Georgiyants","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, National University of Pharmacy, 4-Valentinivska st., 61168 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5780-3977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsong-Long","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, and Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"},{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicine Research Team, Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1080\/10715762.2019.1612059","article-title":"Oxidative stress in biological systems and its relation with pathophysiological functions: The effect of physical activity on cellular redox homeostasis","volume":"53","author":"Kruk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Free. 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