{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T02:14:22Z","timestamp":1768702462558,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]],"date-time":"2020-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FT130101337"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FT130101337"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We introduce two novel solution-processable electron acceptors based on an isomeric core of the much explored diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) moiety, namely pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-1,4-dione (IsoDPP). The newly designed and synthesized compounds, 6,6\u2032-[(1,4-bis{4-decylphenyl}-2,5-dioxo-1,2,4,5-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-3,6-diyl)bis(thiophene-5,2-diyl)]bis[2-(2-butyloctyl)-1H-benzo[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione] (NAI-IsoDPP-NAI) and 5,5\u2032-[(1,4-bis{4-decylphenyl}-2,5-dioxo-1,2,4,5-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-3,6-diyl)bis(thiophene-5,2-diyl)]bis[2-(2-butyloctyl)isoindoline-1,3-dione] (PI-IsoDPP-PI) have been synthesized via Suzuki couplings using IsoDPP as a central building block and napthalimide or phthalimide as end-capping groups. The materials both exhibit good solubility in a wide range of organic solvents including chloroform (CF), dichloromethane (DCM), and tetrahydrofuran (THF), and have a high thermal stability. The new materials absorb in the wavelength range of 300\u2013600 nm and both compounds have similar electron affinities, with the electron affinities that are compatible with their use as acceptors in donor-acceptor bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells. BHJ devices comprising the NAI-IsoDPP-NAI acceptor with poly(3-n-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as the donor were found to have a better performance than the PI-IsoDPP-PI containing cells, with the best device having a VOC of 0.92 V, a JSC of 1.7 mAcm\u22122, a FF of 63%, and a PCE of 0.97%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25204700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,17]],"date-time":"2020-10-17T08:14:50Z","timestamp":1602922490000},"page":"4700","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Pyrrolo[3,2-b]pyrrole-1,4-dione (IsoDPP) End Capped with Napthalimide or Phthalimide: Novel Small Molecular Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5952-8916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thu Trang","family":"Do","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane 4001, Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Organic Photonics &amp; Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0326-4354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meera","family":"Stephen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Organic Photonics &amp; Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khai Leok","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8172-7903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergei","family":"Manzhos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre \u00c9nergie Mat\u00e9riaux T\u00e9l\u00e9communications, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1650, Boulevard Lionel-Boulet, Varennes, QC J3X1S2, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul L.","family":"Burn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Organic Photonics &amp; Electronics, School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Prashant","family":"Sonar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane 4001, Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Material Science, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George Street, Brisbane 4001, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201504091","article-title":"A High Efficiency Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cell with Optimized Crystalline Organizations","volume":"28","author":"Kwon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. 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