{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:06:59Z","timestamp":1790208419463,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004396","name":"Thailand Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BRG6080006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BRG6080006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004396","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Newton Fund- the National Science and Technology Development Agency","award":["FDA-CO-2561-6820-TH"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FDA-CO-2561-6820-TH"]}]},{"name":"Thailand Graduate Institute of Science and Technology (TGIST)","award":["scholarship to WK"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["scholarship to WK"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Andrographolide is a labdene diterpenoid with potential applications against a number of viruses, including the mosquito-transmitted dengue virus (DENV). In this study, we evaluated the anti-viral activity of three 14-aryloxy analogues (ZAD-1 to ZAD-3) of andrographolide against Zika virus (ZIKV) and DENV. Interestingly, one analogue, ZAD-1, showed better activity against both ZIKV and DENV than the parental andrographolide. A two-dimension (2D) proteomic analysis of human A549 cells treated with ZAD-1 compared to cells treated with andrographolide identified four differentially expressed proteins (heat shock 70 kDa protein 1 (HSPA1A), phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), transketolase (TKT) and GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran (Ran)). Western blot analysis confirmed that ZAD-1 treatment downregulated expression of HSPA1A and upregulated expression of PGK1 as compared to andrographolide treatment. These results suggest that 14-aryloxy analogues of andrographolide have the potential for further development as anti-DENV and anti-ZIKV agents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25215037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]],"date-time":"2020-10-30T21:34:47Z","timestamp":1604093687000},"page":"5037","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Andrographolide and Its 14-Aryloxy Analogues Inhibit Zika and Dengue Virus Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wipaporn","family":"Khanom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, 25\/25 Phuttamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atchara","family":"Paemanee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics Research Laboratory, Genome Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3696-8390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sittiruk","family":"Roytrakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Proteomics Research Laboratory, Genome Technology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Decai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6592-9852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duncan R.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, 25\/25 Phuttamonthon Sai 4, Salaya, Nakorn Pathom 73170, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3145-223X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guo-Chun","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"King, A.M., Adams, M.J., Lefkowitz, E.J., and Carstens, E.B. 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