{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T16:58:00Z","timestamp":1790009880505,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]],"date-time":"2020-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Early S100B protein serum elevation is associated with poor prognosis in patients with ruptured brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVM). The purpose of this study is to determine whether a secondary elevation of S100B is associated with early complications or poor outcome in this population. This is a retrospective study of patients admitted for BAVM rupture. A secondary increase of S100B was defined as an absolute increase by 0.1 \u03bcg\/L within 30 days of admission. Fisher\u2019s and unpaired t tests followed by multivariate analysis were performed to identify markers associated with this increase. Two hundred and twenty-one ruptures met inclusion criteria. Secondary S100B protein serum elevation was found in 17.1% of ruptures and was associated with secondary infarction (p &lt; 0.001), vasospasm-related infarction (p &lt; 0.001), intensive care (p = 0.009), and hospital length of stay (p = 0.005), but not with early rebleeding (p = 0.07) or in-hospital mortality (p = 0.99). Secondary infarction was the only independent predictor of secondary increase of S100B (OR 9.9; 95% CI (3\u201335); p &lt; 0.001). Secondary elevation of S100B protein serum levels is associated with secondary infarction in ruptured brain arteriovenous malformations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25215177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,8]],"date-time":"2020-11-08T20:23:35Z","timestamp":1604867015000},"page":"5177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Secondary S100B Protein Increase Following Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Rupture is Associated with Cerebral Infarction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5000-4921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Garzelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Jacquens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Amouyal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Premat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5935-5100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nader","family":"Sourour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1616-9113","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Cortese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Idriss","family":"Haffaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9182-5846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bertrand","family":"Mathon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Faculty, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Lenck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Claren\u00e7on","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Degos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgical Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, 75013 Paris, France"},{"name":"Medical Faculty, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8712-8431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eimad","family":"Shotar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroradiology, Piti\u00e9-Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re Hospital, 75013 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000217970.18319.7d","article-title":"Clinical outcome after first and recurrent hemorrhage in patients with untreated brain arteriovenous 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