{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T22:45:14Z","timestamp":1790721914968,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR-16-CE08-0026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR-16-CE08-0026"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001852","name":"Indo-French Centre for the Promotion of Advanced Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5108-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5108-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001852","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006537","name":"Campus France","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Ph-C 956\/19 project"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Ph-C 956\/19 project"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006537","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The pyrolysis (1000 \u00b0C) of a liquid poly(vinylmethyl-co-methyl)silazane modified by tetrakis(dimethylamido)titanium in flowing ammonia, nitrogen and argon followed by the annealing (1000\u20131800 \u00b0C) of as-pyrolyzed ceramic powders have been investigated in detail. We first provide a comprehensive mechanistic study of the polymer-to-ceramic conversion based on TG experiments coupled with in-situ mass spectrometry and ex-situ solid-state NMR and FTIR spectroscopies of both the chemically modified polymer and the pyrolysis intermediates. The pyrolysis leads to X-ray amorphous materials with chemical bonding and ceramic yields controlled by the nature of the atmosphere. Then, the structural evolution of the amorphous network of ammonia-, nitrogen- and argon-treated ceramics has been studied above 1000 \u00b0C under nitrogen and argon by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. HRTEM images coupled with XRD confirm the formation of nanocomposites after annealing at 1400 \u00b0C. Their unique nanostructural feature appears to be the result of both the molecular origin of the materials and the nature of the atmosphere used during pyrolysis. Samples are composed of an amorphous Si-based ceramic matrix in which TiNxCy nanocrystals (x + y = 1) are homogeneously formed \u201cin situ\u201d in the matrix during the process and evolve toward fully crystallized compounds as TiN\/Si3N4, TiNxCy (x + y = 1)\/SiC and TiC\/SiC nanocomposites after annealing to 1800 \u00b0C as a function of the atmosphere.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25225236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]],"date-time":"2020-11-10T20:29:36Z","timestamp":1605040176000},"page":"5236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["In-Situ Synthesis and Characterization of Nanocomposites in the Si-Ti-N and Si-Ti-C Systems"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Maxime","family":"Balestrat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, IRCER, UMR 7315, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5112-9013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhijeet","family":"Lale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, IRCER, UMR 7315, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France"},{"name":"Institut Europeen des Membranes (IEM), UMR 5635 (CNRS-ENSCM-UM2), Universite Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 Vin\u00edcius Andrade","family":"Bezerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, IRCER, UMR 7315, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France"},{"name":"Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florian\u00f3polis 88010-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Proust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Europeen des Membranes (IEM), UMR 5635 (CNRS-ENSCM-UM2), Universite Montpellier 2, Place E. Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eranezhuth Wasan","family":"Awin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for High Performance Ceramics, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras (IIT Madras), Chennai 600036, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1959-1456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo Antonio Francisco","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florian\u00f3polis 88010-970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Carles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, IRCER, UMR 7315, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6856-6092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ravi","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for High Performance Ceramics, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras (IIT Madras), Chennai 600036, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7450-1738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christel","family":"Gervais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratoire Chimie de la Mati\u00e8re Condens\u00e9e de Paris, Coll\u00e8ge de France, CNRS, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, 4 Place de Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5865-0047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Bernard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNRS, IRCER, UMR 7315, University of Limoges, F-87000 Limoges, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeurceramsoc.2019.12.053","article-title":"Bioactive silicon nitride by surface thermal treatment","volume":"40","author":"Hnatko","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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