{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T20:10:32Z","timestamp":1780085432830,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]],"date-time":"2020-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The carrot plant (Daucus carota) and its components are traditionally reported for the management of gastric ulcers. This study was performed to evaluate the role of carrot when administered concurrently with a conventional antiulcer treatment, pantoprazole, in alleviating gastric and duodenal ulcers in female experimental animals. The study involved standard animal models to determine the ulcer preventive effect using pylorus ligation, ethanol, and stress induced acute gastric ulcer models and duodenal ulcer models involving cysteamine. Acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer models were used to evaluate the ulcer healing effect. Carrot fruit (500 mg\/kg) and its co-administration with pantoprazole produced significant protection in an ethanol- and stress-induced acute gastric ulcer and cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcer. The healing of the acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer was also augmented with this combination. Both total proteins and mucin contents were significantly increased in indomethacin-induced gastric ulcers. Similarly, in pylorus ligation, the pepsin content of gastric juice, total acidity, and free acidity were reduced. Overall, both ulcer preventive effects and ulcer healing properties of the pantoprazole were significantly enhanced in animals who received the co-administration of carrot fruit (500 mg\/kg).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25225287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]],"date-time":"2020-11-13T08:44:02Z","timestamp":1605257042000},"page":"5287","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Role of Daucus carota in Enhancing Antiulcer Profile of Pantoprazole in Experimental Animals"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1533-9667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Syed Mohammed Basheeruddin","family":"Asdaq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Earla","family":"Swathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore 560035, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil S","family":"Dhamanigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, Bangalore 560035, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Asad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra 11911, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yahya","family":"Ali Mohzari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacy Department, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh 12746, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed A.","family":"Alrashed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Service Department, Inpatient Pharmacy, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulrahman S.","family":"Alotaibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Service Department, Inpatient Pharmacy, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11525, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Batool","family":"Mohammed Alhassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, AlMoosa Specialist Hospital, Riyadh 36342, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2058-255X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sreeharsha","family":"Nagaraja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, Vidya Siri College of Pharmacy, Off Sarjapura Road, Bangalore 560035, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6499","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i21.6499","article-title":"Role of dietary polyphenols in the management of peptic ulcer","volume":"21","author":"Farzaei","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s12033-014-9837-y","article-title":"Carrot Cells: A Pioneering Platform for Biopharmaceuticals Production","volume":"57","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524S","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmy029","article-title":"Clinically Relevant Herb-Micronutrient Interactions: When Botanicals, Minerals, and Vitamins Collide","volume":"9","author":"Gurley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3365-x","article-title":"Proton-pump inhibitors and risk of fractures: An update meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Zhou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Osteoporos. Int."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2435","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2013.280490","article-title":"Proton Pump Inhibitor and Histamine 2 Receptor Antagonist Use and Vitamin B12Deficiency","volume":"310","author":"Lam","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2012.179","article-title":"Clostridium difficile-Associated Diarrhea and Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy: A Meta-Analysis","volume":"107","author":"Janarthanan","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15385","article-title":"Proton-Pump Inhibitors and Long-Term Risk of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Older Adults","volume":"66","author":"Masoli","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-014-0554-0","article-title":"Risk of dementia in elderly patients with the use of proton pump inhibitors","volume":"265","author":"Haenisch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-314605","article-title":"Long-term proton pump inhibitors and risk of gastric cancer development after treatment for Helicobacter pylori: A population-based study","volume":"67","author":"Cheung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.7193","article-title":"Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease","volume":"176","author":"Lazarus","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_11","unstructured":"Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (2017, August 13). Proton pump inhibitors: Food and Drug Administration-Approved Indications and Dosages for Use in Adults. Department of Health and Human Services, Available online: www.cms.gov\/Medicare-Medicaid-Coordination\/Fraud-Prevention\/Medicaid-Integrity-Education\/Pharmacy-Education-aterials\/Downloads\/ppi-adult-dosingchart11-14.pdf."},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"112","article-title":"Gastroprotective activity of the aqueous extract from the roots of Daucus carota L in rats","volume":"1","author":"Khatib","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. Res. Ayurveda Pharm. (IJRAP)"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wehbe, K., Mroueh, M., and Daher, C.F. (2009). The Potential Role of Daucus carota Aqueous and Methanolic Extracts on Inflammation and Gastric Ulcers in Rats. J. Complement. Integr. Med., 6.","DOI":"10.2202\/1553-3840.1159"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4554","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-1597","article-title":"Gender-Specific Protection of Estrogen against Gastric Acid-Induced Duodenal Injury: Stimulation of Duodenal Mucosal Bicarbonate Secretion","volume":"149","author":"Smith","year":"2008","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.02.049","article-title":"Antiulcer mechanisms of Vernonia condensata Baker: A medicinal plant used in the treatment of gastritis and gastric ulcer","volume":"184","author":"Boeing","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2019.04.025","article-title":"(\u2212)-Myrtenol accelerates healing of acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats and in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells","volume":"854","author":"Viana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"1","article-title":"Proulcerogenic effect of water extract of Boswellia sacra oleo gum resin in rats","volume":"54","author":"Asad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"1","article-title":"Wild carrot pentane-based fractions suppress proliferation of human HaCaT keratinocytes and protect against chemically-induced skin cancer","volume":"17","author":"Shebaby","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.3109\/13880209.2014.976349","article-title":"Antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of the oil fractions from wild carrot (Daucus carotassp.carota)","volume":"53","author":"Shebaby","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharm. Biol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2016.01.002","article-title":"A novel \u03b2-carotene\u2013associated carrot (Daucus carota L.) pectic polysaccharide","volume":"32","author":"Natarajmurthy","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9211","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.5b04357","article-title":"Bioactive C17-Polyacetylenes in Carrots (Daucus carotaL.): Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives","volume":"63","author":"Dawid","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127879","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2020.127879","article-title":"Composition of bound polyphenols from carrot dietary fiber and its in vivo and in vitro antioxidant activity","volume":"339","author":"Dong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1600477","DOI":"10.1002\/cbdv.201600477","article-title":"Inhibitory Activity and Chemical Characterization ofDaucus carotasubsp.maximusEssential Oils","volume":"14","author":"Gaglio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chem. Biodivers."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2099","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-020-04245-4","article-title":"Comparative nutritional and microbiological quality of ready to cook mixed vegetable curry","volume":"57","author":"Malik","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Food Sci. Technol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-0105.177703","article-title":"A simple practice guide for dose conversion between animals and human","volume":"7","author":"Nair","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Basic Clin. Pharm."},{"key":"ref_26","unstructured":"Mukherjee, P.K. (2002). Quality Control of Herbal Drugs an Approach to Evaluation of Botanicals, Business Horizons Pharmaceutical Publishers."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Onoabedje, E.A., Ibezim, A., Okoro, U.C., and Batra, S. (2020). Synthesis, molecular docking, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities of new sulfonamido-pepetide derivatives. Heliyon, 6.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e04958"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.5625\/lar.2011.27.1.47","article-title":"Different Antiulcer Activities of Pantoprazole in Stress, Alcohol and Pylorus Ligation-Induced Ulcer Models","volume":"27","author":"Bae","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lab. Anim. Res."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.03.024","article-title":"Antiulcer activity of methanolic extract of Momordica charantia L. in rats","volume":"123","author":"Alam","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Ethnopharmacol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1224","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01900290","article-title":"A method for quantitative assessment of experimentally produced ulcers in the stomach of albino rats","volume":"25","author":"Ganguly","year":"1969","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"763","article-title":"Effect of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor on stomach ulcers in rats and mice","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_32","unstructured":"Kulkarni, S.K. (1999). Hand Book of Experimental Pharmacology, Vallabh prakashan. [3rd ed.]."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S125","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199800001-00020","article-title":"Involvement of endogenous cholecystokinin and somatostatin in gastro protection induced by intra duodenal fat","volume":"27","author":"Brzozowski","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_34","first-page":"120","article-title":"A review of the current methodology for the evaluation of gastric and duodenal anti ulcer agents","volume":"25","author":"Parmar","year":"1993","journal-title":"Indian J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_35","first-page":"311","article-title":"Effect of ethanol extract of Piper betle Linn leaf on healing of NSAID-induced experimental ulcer\u2014A novel role of free radical scavenging action","volume":"41","author":"Majumdar","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian J. Exp. Biol."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"273","article-title":"Animal model for human disease: Duodenal ulcer disease","volume":"73","author":"Szabo","year":"1978","journal-title":"Amer. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357991772123","article-title":"Characterization of Dopamine Receptor Subtypes Involved in Experimentally Induced Gastric and Duodenal Ulcers in Rats","volume":"51","author":"Desai","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Pharmacol."}],"container-title":["Molecules"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/25\/22\/5287\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T10:32:46Z","timestamp":1760178766000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1420-3049\/25\/22\/5287"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]}},"alternative-id":["molecules25225287"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/molecules25225287","relation":{},"ISSN":["1420-3049"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1420-3049","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,13]]}}}