{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T10:05:43Z","timestamp":1793095543691,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]],"date-time":"2020-11-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606089600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Molecules"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The incidence of a fracture-related infection (FRI) can reach 30% of open tibia fractures (OTF). The use of antibiotic-coated implants is one of the newest strategies to reduce the risk of infection in orthopedic surgery. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of a gentamicin-coated tibia nail in primary fracture fixation (FF) and revision surgery (RS) of nonunion cases in terms of FRI incidence. We conducted a systematic review according to the PRISMA checklist on Pub-Med, Cochrane, and EMBASE. Of the 32 studies, 8 were included, for a total of 203 patients treated: 114 were FF cases (63% open fractures) and 89 were RS cases, of which 43% were infected nonunion. In the FF group, four FRI were found (3.8%): three OTF (Gustilo-Anderson III) and one closed fracture; bone healing was achieved in 94% of these cases. There were four relapses of infection and one new onset in the RS group; bone healing occurred in 88% of these cases. No side effects were found. There were no significant differences in terms of FRI, nonunion, and healing between the two groups. Gentamicin-coated tibia nail is an effective therapeutic option in the prophylaxis of high-risk fracture infections and in complex nonunion cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25225471","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]],"date-time":"2020-11-23T11:50:34Z","timestamp":1606132234000},"page":"5471","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Gentamicin-Coated Tibia Nail in Fractures and Nonunion to Reduce Fracture-Related Infections: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1914-5413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"De Meo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital-Sapienza, University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro, 3, 00185 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"M.I.T.O. Group (Infectious Diseases in Traumatology and Orthopedics Surgery), Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Viale del Policlinico, 155,00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico M.","family":"Cannari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, Tor Vergata University, Via Cracovia, 50,00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"Petriello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital-Sapienza, University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro, 3, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5795-3337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pietro","family":"Persiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital-Sapienza, University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro, 3, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ciro","family":"Villani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthopaedic and Traumatology Department, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital-Sapienza, University of Rome, Piazzale A. Moro, 3, 00185 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"M.I.T.O. Group (Infectious Diseases in Traumatology and Orthopedics Surgery), Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Viale del Policlinico, 155,00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200302000-00027","article-title":"Treatment of closed tibial fractures","volume":"85","author":"Schmidt","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Bone Joint. Surg. 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